440 



REVIEW OF AMERICAN BIRDS. 



[part I. 



Black of loral space without any lightening above 



it. Frontal black band well marked. Inner 



webs of secondaries (except innermost) pure 



white to shaft, except along rather more than 



terminal half, where the shaft is bordered 



by black. Axillars whitish. Tail feathers 



black to base, except the loose fibres, which 



are grayish. Bill from nostril, .60. Under 



parts without waved lines. White patch on 



wing reaching nearly opposite to end of 1st 



primary. Tarsus about equal to the gape . elegans. 



Above light ash color. Upper tail coverts and forehead 



much lighter than the back, the former sometimes 



almost white. Sides and breast generally nearly 



pure white. 



Black of loral space with conspicuous hoary 

 margin above it. Inner web of secondaries 

 much as in C. ludoricianus. Axillars whit- 

 ish. Tail feathers with concealed white 

 patch at bases of all the /eathers. Bill from 

 nostril, about .50. No waved lines beneath. 

 White patch on wing reaching nearly oppo- 

 site to end of 1st primary. Tarsus longer 

 than the gape ...... excuhitoroides. 



Collurio Ijorealis. 



Lanius horealis, Vieillot, Ois. Am. Sept. 1, 1807, 90, pi. 1. — Sw. F. B. A. 

 II, 1831, 111.— AuD. Syn. 1839, 157.— Ib. Birds Am. IV, 1842, 130, 

 pi. 236.— Cassin, Pr. A. N. Sc. 1857, 212.— Max. Cab. Jour. VI, 

 1858, 190 (Upper Missouri).— Jones, Nat. Bermuda, 1857, 51 (Ber- 

 muda). — Colhjrio borealis, Baird, Birds N. Am. 1858, 324. — Cooper 

 & SacKLEY, P. R. Rep. XII, ii, 1860, 188 (Washington Territory). 



Lanius excuhitor, Forster, Phil. Trans. LXII, 1772, 382 (notof LiNNiEus). 

 —Wilson, I, 1808, 74, pi. v, fig. 1. 



Lanius septentrional is, Bon. Syn. 1828, 72 (not of Gmelin, which cannot 

 be identified as an American species). — Ib. Rev. et Mag. Zool. 

 1853, 294.— Cassin, Pr. A. N. Sc. 1857, 213.— Murray, Ed. New 

 Phil. Jour. XI, 1859, 223 (H. B. T.). 

 Hab. Whole of America north of United States ; in winter south to Wash- 

 ington, St. Louis, Prescott (Ariz.), and north California. 



(No. 19,545, % , in full spring plumage.) Fourth quill longest ; 3d and 5th 

 little shorter ; 2d shorter than 6th ; exposed portion of 1st not quite half that 

 of longest. 



Whole upper parts pure clear light ash ; beneath (including axillars) p'ure 

 white, the breast and npper part of belly waved transversely with obsolete 

 narrow dusky lines (about .15 of an inch apart) ; each feather having two 

 or three, which are curved, convex, and the terminal one some distnnce fioui 

 the tip. Bristly feathers covering the nostrils and the feathers along the 



