76 NATURAL HISTORY OF KERGUELEN ISLAND. 



ANTHOZOA. 



ALCYONARIA. 



Anthopodium australe, Verrill, s. n. 



Polyp-cells cylindrical or somewhat clavate, with eight distinct sulca- 

 tions at summit, in contraction ; the surface covered with small, rough 

 spicula ; the height variable up to a quarter of an inch or more. They 

 arise from a thin encrusting or stolon-like coenenchyma, which is cori- 

 aceous and roughened with spicula, like the polyp-cells. The polyps 

 are irregularly scattered along the coenenchyma, which creeps over 

 thenprightaxis of Primnoella. Color, light orange-red. Height of poly p- 

 -cells, mostly 2'°™ to 6'"'" ; diameter, about 1.5™™. 



The spicula are small, but exceedingly variable in form, and most ot 

 them are covered with rough or even lacerate warts, which interlock 

 and thus strengthen the tissues; many of them are flattened. The 

 largest spicula, and perhaps the most abundant, are oblong, two to four 

 times as long as broad, obtuse at the ends, and thickly covered with 

 rough spinulose warts ; others are enlarged and irregularly flattened at 

 one end, which is covered with rough laciniate spinules and warts; 

 others, equally rough, are shorter and sometimes irregularly rounded, 

 about as broad as long ; irregular rough laciniate crosses are not un- 

 common ; and there are numerous slender fusiform spicula, acute at the 

 ends, about as long as the largest ones, but not half as thick, and less 

 roughly warted ; various other more or less intermediate forms also 

 occur. 



Bluff Harbor, New Zealand, on Primnoella anstralasice ; Dr. E. 

 Kershner. 



This species is more nearly allied to A. riibens, V., from North Caro- 

 lina, than to any other species known to me. 



Primnoella Australasia, Gray. 



Primnoa Australasia;, Gray, Proc. Zoolog. Society of London, 1849, 146, pi. 2, figs. 8, 



9 ; Annals and Magazine of Nat. History, 1850, 510. 

 Primnoella Australasice, Gray, Proc. Zoolog. Society of London, 1857, 286; 1859, 483^ 



Catalogue of Lithophytes or stony corals in the collection of the British 



Museum, 50, 1870. 

 The specimens are simple, cylindrical stems, some of them more than 

 three feet in length, with the base attached to shells. The polyp-cells axe 

 elongated, cylindrical, arranged in close whorls, and closely appressed 



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