100 NATURAL HISTORY OF KERGUELEN ISLAND 



processes to form the luteral borders of the palate and part of the osse- 

 ous support of the basal portion of the bill. 



From these accounts it appears that the palatal structure, as a whole, 

 is what Huxley calls scJiizognathous. 



Frontal bone is marked by two very distinct deep fossae, occupying 

 nearly the whole roof of the orbit, separated from one another by a 

 prominent central ridge, and bounded anteriorly by a curious exostosis, 

 which supports the flesby caruncle of the forehead. The floor of this 

 fossa is perforated by an anterior large circular foramen, transmitting 

 the nasal duct of the gland which occupies the fossa. Behind this are 

 several irregular perforations, disposed in a line parallel with the orbital 

 margin. This last (the orbital margin) extends horizontally as a thin 

 lamellar process, completing the roof of the orbit on each side. The 

 remarkable exostosis above referred to may be described as consisting 

 of two prominent bosses, one on each side, separated by a shallow cen- 

 tral fossa, and presenting somewhat the outline of a bat with wings 

 extended. From the external portion of each "wing" runs downward, 

 parallel with the nasals, a slender bone {maxilla), articulated above by 

 an expanded condyle, joining, below, the rest of the maxilla at the base 

 of the bill. A narrow linear space is left between these bones and the 

 nasal on each side. The construction of these parts is what Garrod 

 calls schizorMnal. 



Zygoma or malar bone is long (1.00 inch) and slender, of uniform diam- 

 eter throughout, extending from the os quadratum to the base of the bill. 

 It diverges rather widely from the jmiddle line, the distance between its 

 posterior attachments measuring 1.00 inch. Lachrymals are distinct, 

 although small, easily detached, and liable to be overlooked. They are 

 crooked little nibs of bone, with heeled base of support. 



Mandlhle expands posteriorly into a flat articulating head, marked 

 superiorly by a deep, irregularly concave glenoid cavity. On the internal 

 side of this projects upward, and a little inward, a stout pyramidal 

 process, slightly hooked toward its apex. Directly behind the articula- 

 tion projects the angle of the mandible, a lamellar rostrum, nearly square 

 in outline and very slightly canted upward ; 0.15 inch in diameter. Ex- 

 ternally there is a low pyramidal prominence, its apex filling the angle 

 between zygoma and os quadratum, at their articulation. The body of 

 the mandible is continued forward to the symphysis as a thin strip of 

 bone, flattened from side to side, and sending upward a very thin 

 lamella from its external surface to complete the contour of the bill. At 



