24 ANIMAL EESOURCES OF THE UNITED STATES. 



7. HOOKED mSTRUMENTS— Continued. 

 6. Many-pointed hooks : 



Grappling-irons. 



Lip hooks or grapnels, used by whalers. 



Toggles, used by whalers. 



Oyster-rakes. 



Clam-rakes. 



Oulachau rakes or spears. 



Squid-jigs. 

 c. Twisting-rods, used in drawing small mammals from their 

 burrows. 

 S. BARBED IMPLEMENTS. (Those used with two motions, the first 

 that of thrusting :) 

 a. Spears with fixed heads: 



Harpoons. 



Oue-flued harpoons. 



Two-flued harpoons. 



Toggle-harpoons. 



Harpoon- bullets. (See under 23.) 



Gun-harpoons. 



Other whaleman's " craft." 



Barbed spears, (with single point.) 



Grains, (with two prongs.) 



Gigs. 



Bird-spears. 



Otter-spears. 



Sea- otter spears. 



Seal-spears. 



Walrus-spears. 



Eel-spears. 



n ounder- spears. 



Sturgeon-spears, (west coast.) 



Octopus- spears. 



Crab-spears, used in Ehode Island. 

 h. Spears with detachable heads : 



Lily-irons. 



Dolphin-irons. 



Indian harpoons of shell and iron. 



Eskimo harpoons of stone, bone, and iron. 



