NO. 8 ANATOMICAL LIFE OF THE MOSQUITO SNODGRASS 



25 



the lobes and the funnel come off with it, showing that the organs are 

 larval structures. Furthermore, the trumpets of the "prepupa" (i.e., 

 the pharate pupa) are present beneath the larval cuticle. They appear 

 to arise from the pupa just beneath the larval organs, but they project 

 forward or mesally until the pupal ecdysis, when they stand out from 

 the thorax. 



Fig. 9. — The larva, and developing pupal appendages. 



A, Anopheles punctipcnnis, fourth instar larva, dorsal. B, Anopheles maculi- 

 pennis, section of wing and leg buds in early larval instar (from Imms, 1908). 

 C, Aedcs aegypti, thorax of mature larva with cuticle removed, exposing extro- 

 verted legs and wings. D, Same, pupal wings of larva. E, Same, third left pupal 

 leg of larva. F, Anopheles maculipennis, pupal labium developing inside larval 

 labium (from Imms, 1908). 



al, anal lobes ; e, dorsal brush of larva ; L, leg bud ; pLb, pupal labium ; slO, 

 salivary orifice; Sp, spiracle; W, wing bud; Ws, Ws, pupal wings of larva. 



The nature of the "notched organs" of the Anopheles larva is not 

 clear. Their position on the dorsum of the thorax suggests that they 

 might be remnants of anterior spiracles such as are present on larva 

 of many other flies, including some Nematocera. Since these spiracles 

 of successive instars are not formed in the usual manner within the 



