NO. 2 PLEISTOCENE BIRDS, BERMUDA WETMORE 7 



subspecies Grus canadensis canadensis, but entire bone broader and 

 stronger, with the distal end larger ; trochlea for digit 2 larger ; troch- 

 lea for digit 4 broader, with distal articular surface shorter ; facet for 

 articulation of digit i broader and larger. 



The material at hand includes several broken tarsometatarsi as 

 follows : Right side, proximal end 9, distal end 3 ; left side, proximal 

 end 6, distal end 6 ; and 7 fragments from the central section of the 

 shaft. These show agreement with the type in the characters noted. 



Pedal phalanges. — These, part for part, are heavy compared to 

 those of Grus canadensis, and so support the supposition of a stronger 

 foot. 



Tihiotarsus. — This segment is represented by fragments as follows : 

 Right side, proximal end 8, distal end 5 ; left side, proximal end 6, 

 distal end 3 ; and 8 sections from the central part of the shaft. The 

 bone is strong, though it appears less heavy proportionately than the 

 tarsometatarsus. Its main peculiarity is found in the tubercle that 

 projects at the outer side of the lower end of the tendinal bridge 

 which is narrow, somewhat elongated, and more smoothly rounded 

 than in the modern cranes. Other parts of this bone, particularly of 

 the proximal end, are too poorly preserved to offer characters useful 

 in comparison. 



Fibula. — One, nearly entire, appears relatively large, thus indicating 

 the greater proportionate size of the leg. 



Femur. — There are two nearly perfect; four fragments from the 

 right side, and seven fragments from the left. Compared to Grus 

 canadensis these are short and relatively heavy, with the internal con- 

 dyle especially strong, and extended farther (downward). When the 

 bone is viewed from the distal end the upper margin of the inter- 

 condylar fossa is more abruptly and more deeply grooved on the 

 inner side. In the points of difference indicated the fossil is gen- 

 erally more similar to the much larger modern Anthropo'ides para- 

 disaea (Lichtenstein) than to Grus canadensis. 



Humerus. — This is represented by proximal and distal ends, and 

 part of the shaft of another specimen, all from the right side. The 

 bone, relatively, is small in size, with the head narrowed and the 

 deltoid crest much reduced both in length and in the area of muscle 

 attachment. The proximal end as a whole, compared with that of 

 living cranes, is reduced, this feature including the upper section of 

 the shaft. The line of insertion of the latissimus dorsi is strongly 

 marked, the pneumatic opening, elevated in the usual position, is 

 rather small, and the lower external margin of the bicipital crest is 

 sharply angular. The reduction in size is evident also on the distal 



