8 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I40 



Holmgren, 1916; Verhoeff, 1925; Hanstrom, 1928; Hilton, 1930; 

 Horberg, 1931), it was not until Kjell Fahlander (1938) had com- 

 pleted his doctoral dissertation that geophilomorph neuroanatomy 

 was again treated in the literature. 



In a general treatment of the anatomy of representatives of the four 

 orders of centipedes, Fahlander devoted a large portion of his research 

 to a detailed study of the nervous system. He described more cephalic 

 nerves than had hitherto been reported and homologized them on the 

 basis of an intensive study of a scutigeromorph, Thereuopoda clunif- 

 era. The cephalic ganglia and nerves of Lithobiiis forficatus, Scolo- 

 pendra cingidata, and the geophilomorph from Japan, Scolioplanes ® 

 hirsutipes, were described and clearly illustrated. The internal his- 

 tology and disposition of fiber tracts were thoroughly investigated in 

 the scutigeromorph, but the geophilomorph was given little more than 

 gross study. Fahlander's work encountered some opposition from 

 the late G. F. Ferris (1953), but a critical review of both papers will 

 reveal that Ferris had misunderstood Fahlander on several crucial 

 points. The points of disagreement will be treated in another section 

 of this paper. 



A bibliography of the microscopic anatomy of the geophilomorph 

 brain is nonexistent. Saint Remy (1887) describes briefly the cortical 

 structure of the three neuromeres of the subesophageal ganglion. 

 This is the only existing work known to the present author. It is 

 necessary, therefore, to draw from the reports of workers on other 

 arthropods (Horberg, 1931 ; Snodgrass, 1935 ; Scharrer, 1939, 1941 ; 

 Wigglesworth, 1953; Gabe, 1952; Imms, 1957; Hess, 1958). 



Since the present investigation is concerned with the geophilid 

 Arenophilus bipuncticeps (Wood), a brief resume of the taxonomy 

 of this organism is indicated. 



The genus Arenophilus was created by R. V. Chamberlin (1912). 

 A year later Gunthorp (1913) reported that A. bipuncticeps was com- 

 mon in Kansas. Crabill (1955) collected specimens of this species 

 in three counties of Missouri and in eight localities in and around St. 

 Louis. Johnson (1952), who studied the distribution of centipedes 

 and millipedes in Michigan, gives the following synonymy: 



Arenophilus bipuncticeps (Wood), 1912 



Geophilus bipuncticeps Wood, 1862, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 5 



(ser. 2), p. 45. 

 Geophilus latro Meinert, 1870, Naturh. Tidschr., vol. 7 (ser. 3), p. 79. 

 Geophilus georgianus Meinert, 1885, Proc. Amer. Philos. Sec., vol. 2^, p. 219. 

 Arenophilus bipuncticeps Chamberlin, 1912, Canadian Ent., vol. 44, p. 66. 



Strigamia hirsutipes. 



