30 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I40 



resembles that of the Annelida. This similarity to the annelid system 

 was recognized about a century ago by at least two workers (New- 

 port, 1843; Walter, 1863). 



The protocerebrum is virtually lacking ; only the frontal lobes exist. 

 The absence of light receptors and of the Organ of Tomosvary results 

 in a reduction of the size and number of neural components in this 

 region of the brain. The deutocerebrum, on the other hand, is well 

 developed. The majority of fibers associated with the deutocerebral 

 lobes originate from the sensory neurons in the antennae and the 

 associational neurons of the cortex. The tritocerebrum is extremely 

 reduced and modified in structure, as compared with the other orders 

 of centipedes. The frontal ganglion and its connectives and the 

 stomatogastric ganglion in the Scutigeromorpha are separated and 

 clothed in their own neurilemma. In bipuncticeps these elements are 

 incorporated into the central neural mass so as to be indiscernible. 

 They are aggregated at the site of the "stomatogastric bridge." 



THE CEPHALIC NERVES 



The protocerebral nerve to the cerebral gland (N4) is concerned 

 with neuroglandular activity. Fahlander was the first to hint at the 

 true nature of this nerve. It had been called "nerf de Tomosvary" 

 (Saint Remy, 1887), "der Nerv der urspriinglich zweiten Antenne" 

 (Haller, 1905, p. 199), and the "nerve of the frontal organ" by other 

 authors. Holmgren (1916) followed its intraganglionic path using the 

 methylene blue technique but considered it the "Nerv des Frontal- 

 organs." The data given by Fahlander and the name he used, "Nerv 

 zur Gehirndruse," are most valid and appropriately indicate its 

 neurosecretory nature, as supported by the work of Gabe (1952). In 

 our material, moreover, the presence of a haemolymph vessel passing 

 through the tissue of the cerebral gland supports the high probability 

 that it has an endocrine function. Fahlander compared this gland 

 with the corpora allata of insects and the X-organ of crustaceans. 

 Gabe (1952) disagrees and claims that the histological data vrarrant 

 comparison with the corpora cardiaca and the sinus gland. 



Fahlander grouped Ne, a nerve from the lateral clypeus, with the 

 deutocerebral nerves in Thereuopoda, but expressed a doubt that it 

 was. In the other orders, this nerve is clearly associated with the pro- 

 tocerebrum and emerges from the proximal end of the optic lobe. 

 This nerve is considered to be protocerebral in bipuncticeps. 



The descriptions of the motor antennal nerves of the deutocerebrum 

 of bipuncticeps do not follow Fahlander 's account of their arrange- 

 ment in Strigamia hirsutipes. He did not distinguish between in- 



