BIOTIC ASSOCIATIONS OF COCKROACHES — ROTH & WILLIS 6l 



Found in oak and pine woods, under bark of decaying chestnut log 

 and dead chestnut stump, and under signs on trees including oaks 

 (Hebard, 1917). 



North Carolina. — In all stages under loose bark of upright, dead 

 pines, when the space under the bark was dry (Brimley, 1908). 



Virginia, North and South Carolina. — Under signs on trees (white 

 and red oaks) ; under bark of dead shortleaf-pine and sweet-gum 

 logs and stumps (Rehn and Hebard, 1916). 



Indiana. — Beneath bark of logs and stumps ; empty oothecae com- 

 mon beneath loose bark of logs, especially shellbark hickory (Blatch- 

 ley, 1920). Under loose bark on logs in January (Blatchley, 1895). 



Illinois. — In pine forest associes, in black oak forest on sand, in 

 oak-hickory forest on clay, and in climax forest ; it evidently moved 

 into the pine associes nightly, great numbers of oothecae were found 

 under bark of pine logs, where, in October and November, hibernating 

 nymphs were found (Strohecker, 1937). In nests of Vespula macii- 

 lata (Balduf, 1936; McClure, 1936). 



Missouri. — Usually in hollow trees, under loose bark, in woodpiles, 

 and in cracks in rural buildings (Rau, 1940). 



Michigan. — Common in oak-dune and beech-maple forests, under 

 loose bark on dead trees and fallen logs, and under debris on forest 

 floor (Hubbell, 1922). "A characteristic inhabitant of the low shrub- 

 terrestrial and probably the terrestrial-hypogeic stratum." It occurred 

 throughout the upland forests ; groups were found established in and 

 under logs 100 to 200 feet from the nearest forest (Cantrall, 1943). 



Ontario. — Very abundant in rocky, sparsely-wooded country, where 

 it occurred in rotten logs and under loose bark ; on tree trunk at night 

 on rocky island in lake (Walker, 19 12). 



Parcoblatta uhleriana 



North Carolina. — Under pine straw on ground in woods (Brimley, 

 1908). Under bark of dead trees; 92 males attracted to lights (Rehn 

 and Hebard, 1910). 



Virginia. — Resting on woods foliage; at night on road (Rehn and 

 Hebard, 19 16). 



Eastern and southeastern U.S. — Trapped in molasses-baited jars: 

 in oak and pine woods, in heavy barrier-beach forest, in both scant 

 and typical undergrowth on pine barrens, in heavy grassy under- 

 growth on pine barrens, on border of pine barrens, on edge of swamp, 

 in heavy deciduous forest, in heavy oak woods, in upland oak and 

 chestnut forest, in chestnut forest, in forested ravine, and on ridge 



