82 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I4I 



Saupe, 1928; Roeser, 1940). Common in or around chicken batteries 

 and yards in Hawaii (Schwabe, 1949). 



Supella supellectilium 



Domiciliary wherever distributed (Rehn, 1945), this species is 

 especially difficult to control because of its apparently nonselective 

 dispersal throughout dwellings. For example, Mallis (1954) observed 

 in Texas that it was widely distributed throughout the apartment and 

 was probably the most common cockroach seen in the bedroom ; its 

 favorite harborages were beneath and behind corner braces on kitchen 

 chairs, underneath tables, behind pictures and other objects on walls, 

 and in shower stalls; its oothecae were commonly fastened on walls 

 and ceilings throughout the house. Gould and Deay (1940) reported 

 that this species prefers high locations, such as shelves in closets, 

 behind pictures, and picture molding; oothecae were found about 

 kitchen sink, desks, tables, and other furniture, and even in bedding. 

 Hafez and Afifi (1956) stated that the adult wanders in nearly all 

 rooms of the house and only visits the kitchen when searching for 

 food; it hides in cupboards, pantries, closets, bookshelves, drawers, 

 and behind picture frames ; the nymphs normally hide in the corners 

 of drawers, behind frames, and in similar situations. 



Symploce bicolor 



Puerto Rico. — In houses, Sardinera Beach, Mona Island (Ramos, 

 1946). 



Symploce hospes 



North American Tropics. — Domiciliary, but not exclusively so, 

 and apparently widely distributed (Hebard, 1917). In Florida, as 

 Ischnoptera rufescens, found in a greasy cupboard (Rehn and Hebard, 

 1914). 



Hawaii. — Illingworth ( 1 91 5 ) . 



SHIPS 



Sailing ships have long been notorious for their unwelcome hordes 

 of cockroaches, and it was by ship that at least 11 domiciliary species 

 migrated from their centers of origin to other parts of the world 

 (Rehn, 1945). Over 40 nondomiciliary species have been carried by 

 ship from the American Tropics to other parts of the world in cargoes 

 of bananas (p. 146). In addition to these, other adventive cockroaches 

 appear from time to time in ports to which they have been carried by 

 ships. Yet by far the most numerous cockroaches on shipboard are 



