96 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I4I 



Group 2. Parasites. 



(a) Bacteria {Serratia marcescens ; p. 117). 



(b) Helminths {Protospirura spp. ; p. 206). 



(c) Arthropods. 



(j) Mites (Lociistacarns sp. ; p. 219). 

 (^) Insects (Melittobia chalybii; p. 248). 

 Group 3. Predators, active. 



(a) Arthropods. 



(i) Spiders (p. 214). 

 {2) Scorpions (p. 212). 

 (j) Centipedes (p. 222). 

 (^) Mites {Rhizoglyphiis tarsaliis; p. 218). 

 (5) Insects (dermestids, reduviids, and on occasion adult females 

 of Tetrastichiis, Anastatns, Ampulex; p. 234). 



(b) Vertebrates. 



(j) Amphibia (p. 269). 



{2) Reptilia (p. 272). 



{3) Aves (p. 276). 



{4) Mammalia (p. 283). 

 Group 4. Predators, passive: Pitcher plants (p. 154). 

 Class B. Associations in which cockroaches serve as commensals or predators. 

 Group I. Commensal cockroaches. 



(a) Associates of social insects (^Attaphila spp., etc.; p. 315). 



(b) Obscure associates (p. 316). 

 Group 2. Predatory cockroaches. 



(a) Interspecies predators (p. 319). 



(b) Intraspecies predators (p. 322). 



Class C. Associations of cockroaches with other cockroaches. 

 Group I. Intraspecies associations. 



(a) Familial associations (p. 325). 



(b) Other conspecific associations (aggregations and fighting) (p. 336). 

 Group 2. Interspecies associations. 



(a) Compatible associations (p. 337). 



(b) Antagonistic associations (p. 329). 



Class D. Ecological associations of cockroaches with higher plants. 

 Group I. Benign associations (p. 139). 

 Group 2. Associations detrimental to plants (p. 162). 



V. MUTUALISM 



BACTEROIDS 



Blochmann (1887, 1888) discovered intracellular particles (the 

 bacteroids or symbiotes of authors) that resembled bacteria in the 

 fat body of males and females of Blatta orientalis and Blattella 

 germanica (pi. 26), in the ova of these insects, and in their embryos. 

 Bacteroids have since been found in at least 25 species and 19 genera 

 of cockroaches. Presumably such microorganisms are universally 

 distributed throughout the Blattaria. General reviews of the bacteroids 



