BIOTIC ASSOCIATIONS OF COCKROACHES — ROTH & WILLIS 229 



Cockroaches, Australia (E. F. Riek, personal communication, 

 1955) : Reared from some of the larger species. 



Family MUSCIDAE 

 Coenosia basalis Stein 

 Host. — Eggs of Parcoblatta sp., Ohio (Edmunds, 1952a). 



Family SARCOPHAGIDAE 



Sarcophaga omani Hall 



Host. — Arenivaga holliana, Texas (Wirth, personal communica- 

 tion, 1953) : Specimens in U.S. National Museum. 



Sarcophaga lambens Wied. 



Synonymy. — Sarcophaga sternodontis (Towns.). 



Hoffman (1927) claimed that approximately 40 percent of some 

 specimens of Pycnoscelus stirinamensis collected in southern Haiti 

 were parasitized by .9. lambens. However, according to entomologists 

 at the University of Puerto Rico Agricultural Experiment Station, 

 Hoffman was incorrect in his observations : S. lambens was never 

 reared from a living insect and had been recovered only from dead 

 cockroaches and other dead insects and was considered saprophytic 

 rather than parasitic (Schwabe, 1950b). 



Sarcophaga spp. 



Sanjean (1957) reared various species of sarcophagid larvae on 

 Periplaneta americana which were freshly killed or chopped up ; first 

 instar larvae were also introduced into the body cavity of cockroaches 

 which had their heads and legs removed. Adult sarcophagids were 

 collected at freshly killed American cockroaches used as bait. 



Order COLEOPTERA 



Family CARABIDAE 



Harpalus pennsylvanicus De Geer 



Experimental prey. — Cryptocercus punctulatus , U.S.A. (Cleveland 

 et al., 1934) : This beetle is often found in the galleries of C. punctu- 

 latus in nature. In the laboratory it killed and devoured cockroaches 

 as large as itself. 



