BIOTIC ASSOCIATIONS OF COCKROACHES — ROTH & WILLIS 239 



Distribution. — Tropical and subtropical parts of the world as far 

 north as New York City, and all of Europe except the northern part 

 (Kieffer, 1920 ; Townes, 1949). The wide distribution of Evania has 

 been attributed to the abundance of host cockroaches on ships between 

 the Tropics (Haldeman, 1847). Kieffer (1903) appears to have 

 shown some correlation between the numbers of species of cock- 

 roaches found in various geographical regions and the numbers of 

 species of evaniids found in similar regions. However, the number 

 of blattids he listed is small. 



Evania dimidiata Fabricius 



Synonymy. — Evania abyssinica Westwood [Schletterer, 1889]. 

 Natural host. — Blatta orientalis, Egypt? (Alfieri, 1914). 



Evania subspinosa Kieffer 



Natural host. — Periplaneta sp., Fiji (Lever, 1946) : Although 

 Lever (1946) listed this species as a cockroach-egg parasite, he did not 

 state that he actually reared it from Periplaneta oothecae. 



Hyptia dorsalis of Ashmead 



Synonymy. — Dr. H. Townes, (personal communication, 1956) be- 

 lieves that this wasp was probably either H. reticulata, H. harpyoides, 

 or H. thoracica; it is not possible to tell which without reexamining 

 Ashmead's specimens ; these apparently have been lost. 



Natural host. — Parcoblatta pensylvanica, U.S.A., Mississippi (Ash- 

 mead, 1900). 



Hyptia harpyoides Bradley 



Natural hosts. — Parcoblatta virginica, U.S.A., Ohio (Edmunds, 

 1952a, 1953a, 1954). 



Parcoblatta pensylvanica, U.S.A. (Muesebeck, 1958). 



Parcoblatta uhleriana, U.S.A., Natick, Mass. : Ootheca collected by 

 L. Roth, May 17, 1956; wasp emerged June 12, 1956 (pi. 33, B) ; de- 

 termined by Dr. H. Townes. The keel region of the ootheca of P. 

 uhleriana (pi. 18, B) is different from that of any other species of 

 Parcoblatta (Hebard, 1917; Lawson, 1954) so there can be no doubt 

 as to the species of cockroach parasitized by this wasp. 



Development. — The last instar larva overwinters inside the cock- 

 roach ootheca (Edmunds, 1954). Five oothecae yielded one parasite 

 each (Edmunds, 1953a). 



Distribution. — Canada, Ontario. U.S.A. : New Hampshire and 

 Minnesota to South Carolina, Mississippi, Texas, and Kansas. Upper 

 and Lower Austral Zones (Townes, 1951). 



