vi SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I42 



ley, Ph.D., curator of the Department of Orientalia, Royal Ontario 

 Museum, Toronto, Canada, for helpful suggestions ; to Dr. Arthur W. 

 Hummel, OrientaHst of Washington, D. C, for helpful suggestions 

 and criticisms ; to my daughters, Mrs. Fred Russell and Mrs. Warner 

 Edson, for drawing the maps and diagrams ; to the John Simon Gug- 

 genheim Memorial Foundation for a fellowship making possible the 

 completion of this work and for a financial grant for its publication 

 by the Smithsonian Institution ; and to the editors of the Smithsonian 

 Institution for helpful corrections, criticisms, and suggestions. 



