2 THE TONER LECTURES. 



upon various circumstances ; in fever, I expect to show that 

 they are due simply to the elevation of temperatu'-e. 



The demonstration shall consist in proving the following 

 propositions ; their truth once acknowledged, the final conclu- 

 sion is inevitable. 



First. External heat applied to the body of the normal 

 animal, so as to elevate the temperature, produces derange- 

 ment of the nerve functions, of circulation, etc, etc., precisely 

 similar to those seen in natural fever ; the intensity of the 

 disturbance being directly proportionate to the rise in tempe- 

 rature. 



Second. Heat applied locally to the brain or to the heart 

 produces in the functions of the organ those disturbances 

 which ai*e familiar phenomena of fever, the intensity of the 

 disturbance being directly proportionate to the excess of heat 

 in the organ, , 



Third. The withdrawal of the excess of heat in fever is 

 followed b}' a relief of the nervous and circulatory disturb- 

 ances. 



When a dog, cat, or rabbit is shut up in a box heated either 

 by the sun's rays or by artificial means, the temperature of 

 the animal rises, and at the same time the pulse-rate becomes 

 pari passu more rapid, the breathing grows more and more 

 hurried, and the restless, uneasy movements of the victim 

 show the general distress it is suffering. As the temperature 

 increases the nervous disturbance becomes more and more 

 apparent ; stupor, coma, partial paral3'sis, convulsions, and 

 finally death by arrest of the respiration occur. These phe- 

 nomena sometimes come on gradually, but sometimes are de- 

 veloped suddenly. 



The temperature at which death occurred in my expe- 

 riments, varied in the rabbit from 111 to 114^^ F. ; in the 

 dog it was about 111° F. In man a similar series of phe- 

 nomena are developed by exposure to excessive heat, although 



