24 



LAND AND FRESH-WATER SHELLS OF N. A. [PAUT IV. 



angulated body- whorl, conical spire, acute apex, aud by the 

 irrooularity iu the size of its tubercles. 



Mr. Reeve originally described this species as nupera, and 

 vice versa, but subsequently corrected the error. It occurs also 

 in Tennessee River. 



12. A. verrucosa, Rafinesque. 



rievrocera verrucosa, RAFINESQUE, Annals of Nature, p. 11, 1820. 



Melnnia nupera, SAY, New Harmony Dissem., p. 2G0. Amer. Concli.. pt. 1, t. 8, f. 1, 3. 

 Bi.VNEY'S Reprint, p. 1.57, t. 8. Chenu'S Reprint, p. IG, t. 2. f. 3. DeKay, 

 MoU.N. Y., p.97. WHEATLEY,Cat. ShellsU. S.,p.26. Brot, List, p. 40. Jay, 

 Cat. Shells, 4th edit., p. 274. 



Description.— ¥A\\^so\Aa\, top very obtuse, base of the opening ob- 

 tuse, inside lip thickly plaited; four spires, the last two flattened, 

 Fig. 59. Fig. 60. Fig. 61. Fig. 62. Fig. 63. 



the other large, with several rows of warts; back of the opening 

 wrinkled; color olivaccous-brown, opening whitish. 



Habitat.— 1\\fi lower parts of the Ohio. 



Length, about two-thirds of an inch, not quite double the breadth. — 

 Bafinesque. 



With no disposition to give place to the description of Mr- 

 Rafinesque, at the expense of naturalists of honest}' and repu- 

 tation, I am still constrained, in this instance, to quote his 

 name for the shell that is so well known amongst us as Mr. 

 Saj^'s nupera. Indeed, I cannot find any description of a 

 species of shell, by Rafinesque, which indicates so unmistakably 

 the shell intended by him, as does the one here quoted. It 

 may be mentioned, not as proof in itself, but merely as col- 

 lateral evidence of the correctness of my views of this species, 

 that in a manuscript by Rafinesque, entitled "Conchologia 

 Ohioensis," belonging to the Smithsonian Institution, a rough 



