LECTURE VII. 



Delivered June 27, 1878. 



THE NATURE OP REPARATORY INFLAMMATION IN ARTERIES 

 AFTER LIGATURE, ACUPRESSURE, AND TORSION. 



By Edward O. Shakespeare, A.M., M.D., of Philadelphia. 



Gentlemen : HemoiThage has formed a favorite theme for 

 study from time immemorial. Its nature and the most efficient 

 means for its arrest have commanded the earnest attention of 

 the most distinguished physicians in all ages and in all lands. 

 Yet in despite of the labors of centuries, in despite of the 

 triumphant march of modern surgeiy, and the countless reve- 

 lations of the microscope, it must even to-day be admitted with 

 humility that the hand of man is again and again raised in vain 

 to stay the puissance of this h3^dra-headed foe. The arrest of 

 hemorrhage, therefore, still remains a sul>ject of the most vital 

 importance. But the time at our disposal does not admit of a 

 discussion of the general question ; it does not even permit of a 

 very thorough treatment of a single one of its phases. 



HISTORY. 



Let us preface our own investigations with a few words con- 

 cerning the work of our predecessors. Jean Louis Petit, so far 

 as I can learn, was the first wiio made any systematic attempt 

 to determine the cause of the frequent secondaiy hemorrhages 

 after wounds and amputations, and to discover a more efficient 

 method of applying the ligature (M^moires de I'Acad^mie 

 Royale des Sciences, 1*731-1132). Since no experiments are 

 related, it may be inferred that his observations were such as 



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