CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY. 13 



Salines, or the saline arts. While we have seen the arts of 

 the preceding class extract the metals from their ores, the 

 next division of chemics subjects them to such treatment in 

 solution, as to convert them into many useful compounds, such 

 as pigments, salts employed in dying tissues, &c. This group 

 contitutes the Metallosalines. The making of fine chemicals 

 and pharmaceutic preparations is connected intimately with 

 the preceding saline arts, being conducted in a similar manner, 

 but on a smaller scale, and with greater nicety ; it also de- 

 pends chiefly on the products of those arts as its means of 

 action, and partly on them for materials to be acted on. This 

 forms, therefore, the third group of the chemic arts. 



It may have been observed that the arts of the preceding 

 classes are chiefly devoted to the preparation of tools whereby 

 to work upon, vessels wherein to operate upon, or materials 

 wherewith to modify the various crude productions of organic 

 and partly inorganic nature, in order 'to adapt them to the 

 manifold wants of man, whether to minister to his comfort or 

 luxury. Clothing, food, and the comforts of life are there- 

 fore mainly embraced by the following technical processes. 

 The most extended application of the chemical products de- 

 rived from the preceding class, is to the ornamenting and 

 modification of tissues, which embraces the beautiful and 

 varied arts of dyeing and calico-printing, or ornamenting 

 Textile fabrics. With these are linked the kindred arts of 

 making Sheet-fabrics, paper, leather, &c., as well as working 

 in caoutchouc and gutta percha. To modify and ornament 

 fibrous, sheet, and solid tissues, varnishes and cements are em- 

 ployed, and are classed under the general term Adhesives. 

 The principal subjects of this class being the ornamenting of 

 woven fabrics, it has received the name Oalistics, (xa>.05, and 

 latoi, loom.) 



The use of soap for general purposes of cleansing, and 

 chiefly of cleansing textile fabrics, follows the preceding in a 

 natural sequence, and serves to group a series of arts, rather 

 allied by unity of material on which they operate than by unity 

 of object in view. They include the extraction and purifica- 

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