84 PROCEEDINGS OF UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



my camp, and I looked at as many as fifty Indians a day; each one had 

 from six to twelve fish usually tied on his horse, and I found that there 

 was about one female to ten males, and most of these were spent fish 

 which had already spawned. They are not at all particular about this, 

 and a fish which may be all bruised up and skinned is apparently just 

 as well relished by therfi as a perfectly sound one, and even these In- 

 dians appreciated the fact that it would not do to catch too mauj' females; 

 at any rate they told me that as a rule they let the females go, and this is 

 a good deal more than most of our white fishermen are williug to 

 do. Mostly every one out here now concedes that the Eed-fish is not 

 a resident of the lakes wherein it is found, and I am perfectly satis- 

 fied that they are anadromous and not land-locked. The only thing as 

 yet which I can't understand is, how do they get rid of the hooked nose 

 and the hump after going back to salt water"? They surely can't all die 

 after spawning, and sometimes one that weighs as much as ten pounds 

 is caj^ght, and this fish is certainl}^ older than a five-pounder ; and it 

 would not be i:)resuming too much to assert that a Salmon of that size 

 must have made more than one trip to sea. While in the lake they do 

 not ai)pear to eat anything, and the stomachs of several which I exam- 

 ined were entirely empt3% I cannot understand how they get rid of their 

 long hooked nose and hump. 



e. Oncorhynchus chouicha (Walb.) Jor. & Gilb. 



((jumnat or Cliiuuook Salmon ; a young male coiTesponding to the '•kenuerlyV^ 

 stage of the Red-fish.) 



Salmo quinnat ^ . A very small specimen. If not a true Chinnook 

 Salmon, it was at least in company with several of this species. The 

 back of this one was olive green, spotted like a trout, with round and 

 also irregularly-shaped black spots ; sides greenish white. It was shot 

 with several others in Bear Creek, Oregon, September 4, 1880. 



I was very sorry that I had not the means to preserve a pair of large 

 Salmon which I had, but I had no room in the large tank, and these 

 fish were too large to go in if I had the room. A male specimen meas- 

 ured 46^ inches. Back brownish black, merging into a deep olive green 

 on the sides, spotted with well-defined black spots on back, upper part 

 of the sides, and caudal fins ; a large bright purple patch, some 8-9 

 inches long, 2^ to 3 wide, on the lower anal region from the ventral fin 

 back to tail. Belly very i^ale olive green and whitish. The female meas- 

 ured 37^- inches ; colored like the male, but without any trace of red what- 

 ever. These fish had not spawned as yet, September 4. The red about 

 the anal region is much more perceptible in large specimi3ns than in 

 small ones. None of the females (three) showed any red on •^ them ; all 

 the larger males did, excepting the specimen I put up. The^ fish were 

 all in good condition, none bruised and skinned up, the way I have seen 

 them on the headwaters of the Salmon River. The Indians catch but 

 few of these Salmon, preferring the Eed-fish, which, from its small size, 



