ABSTRACT 



In this study, the fundamental charact«ri8tic9 of the Schaefer model 

 and the Thompson-George (TG) production-investment model are 

 reviewed, and extensions of the TG model are discussed. It is then in- 

 dicated how a bioeconomic model for the sole ownership fishery may be 

 obtained by adjoining the Schaefer model to the TG model (or any of the 

 extensions). This leads into a discussion of the fundamental variables in 

 a dynamic analysts of the fishery problem and the limitations of pub- 

 lished bioeconomic analyses. It is further pointed out that further work 

 needs to be directed to the formulation of catch functions allowing for 

 varying marginal returns with respect to fishing effort, in particular. 



(371.) Ocean Fishery Management; Discussions and Re- 

 search — Practical Problems of Constructing Bioeconomic 

 Models for Fishery Management. By Paul Adam. April 

 1973, pp. 96-103, 5 figures. 



ABSTRACT 



In many practical cases it is impossible to construct a complete 

 bioeconomic model of a given fish stock, such as when one or several 

 fleets move irregularly from one stock to another, or when fishing effort 

 increases so rapidly that it is not possible to accurately specify a reliable 

 yield/effort relationship. A continuing bioeconomic model is proposed 

 here which will allow inclusion of these dimensions while allowing both 

 for year-to-year fluctuations in managed effort and also for gradual ad- 

 justment of labor and capital to those levels designated as optimal 

 within the broad ranges of this continuing model. Year-to-year re- 

 evaluation of fish stocks and capital-labor requirements is stressed. 



(371.) Ocean Fishery Management: Discussions and Re- 

 search — Management of the Peruvian Anchoveta 

 Resource. By Andreas A. Holmsen. April 1973, pp. 106- 

 111. 



ABSTRACT 



The best available estimate of the maximum sustainable yield of the 

 Peruvian anchoveta resource is 9.5 million metric tons ( ± 1 million). The 

 productive capacity of the purse-seine fieet and the fishmeal factories far 

 exceed this tonnage with the result that the open season is becoming 

 shorter year by year. This paper describes the current fishery manage- 

 ment program in Peru and the degree of overinvestment in the industry. 

 It further outlines the alternative methods which can be used to reduce 

 excess capacity in the catching and processing phase and the advantages 

 and disadvantages of the various alternatives. 



(371.) Ocean Fishen.' Management: Discussions and Re- 

 search — A Stochastic Investment Model for a Survival 

 Conscious Fishing Firm. By Russell G. Thompson, 

 Richard W. Callen, and Lawrence C. Wolken. April 1973, 

 pp. 112-120, 3 tables, 3 app. tables. 



ABSTRACT 



In this study, the stochastic investment model for a survival conscious 

 firm developed by Thompson and George (1970) is extended to take into 

 account income taxes and depreciation of the capacity. This model is 

 applied to shrimp fishing on the Texas Gulf coast. Values of the 

 parameters, as in the deterministic application by Thompson et al. 

 (1970). were based on proprietory information, current market con- 

 ditions, and present institutional restrictions. The effect of growth in real 

 per capita income on shrimp prices is estimated, and two different rates 

 of income growth are analyzed. Solutions to six problems based on two 

 different sets of random sequences are computed and discussed. The 

 results indicate the effect of the survival constraint on investment 

 decisions, and the importance of revealed information in decision- 

 making. 



(371.) Ocean Fishery Management: Discussions and Re- 

 search — Simulation Experiments to Evaluate Alternative 

 Hunting Strategies for a Deer Population. By F. M. 

 Anderson, G. E. Connolly, A. N. Halter, and W. M. 

 Longhurst. April 1973, pp. 121-132, 6 figs., 1 table. 



ABSTRACT 



A population dynamics model of the deer herd in Mendocino County. 

 California, is presented. Environmental influences are modeled as densi- 

 ty dependent birth and death rate functions. The computer program for 

 this biomanagement model is outlined and validity checks devised to im- 

 prove the model are discussed. The output shows the impact of selected 

 hunting strategies on productivity, natural mortality, and other popula- 

 tion characteristics. Tests of hunting strategies related to alternative 



management goals are summarized. Implications of computer simula- 

 tion methodology for the management of wildlife and fisn populations 

 are discussed. 



(371.) Ocean Fishery Management: Discussions and Re- 

 search — Augmentation of Salmon Stocks through Ar- 

 tificial Propagation: Methods and Implications. By Joe B. 

 Stevens and Bruce W. Mattox. April 1973, pp. 133-145, 4 

 figs., 5 tables. 



ABSTRACT 



Eighty-one hatcheries on the Pacific Coast now rear significant 

 numbers of salmon and st«elhead for sport and commercial fisheries. An- 

 nual operation and maintenance costa amount to $6.6 million. A produc- 

 tion function analysis of 15 Oregon Fish Commission hatcheries pro- 

 duced tentative conclusions that (a) controlled inputs were combined in 

 fixed proportions, (b) constant returns to size were realized, and (c) some 

 degree of factor substitution existed between the controlled "fixed 

 proportion input" and water temperature. The latter relationship may 

 allow hatchery managers to improve efficiency at the hatchery level. 

 Uncertainty with respect to downstream environmental conditions, 

 however, must be considered along with returns to size for the hatchery 

 production function when new investments are undertaken. 



Fixed asset theory was used to conceptualize exit and entry of salmon 

 harvesting resources between 1947 and 1966. Net entry followed years of 

 good catches, but net exit did not occur following the bad years. If a ma- 

 jor objective of hatchery programs is to augment fishermen's incomes, 

 consideration must be given to increasing the opportunity costs of extant 

 resources as well as to limiting entry of new resources. 



(371.) Ocean Fishery Management: Discussions and Re- 

 search — Limited Entry: The Case of the Japanese Tuna 

 Fishery. By E. A. Keen. April 1973, pp. 146-158, 3 figures. 



ABSTRACT 



Limited entry has been advocated strongly as an important but as yet 

 unused management tool for U.S. fisheries. Japan has maintained a 

 policy of limiting entry into its high seas fisheries since 1949 and thus has 

 considerable experience of potential value to the use of this tool in U.S. 

 fisheries. This paper presents an assessment of the limited entry system 

 as it has been developed for the Japanese tuna fisheries. Attention is 

 given to effects on the acquisition of capital and overall allocation of 

 national resources, specific effects on the size and nature of the fieet, 

 pressures to permit additional entry, and effects on the location of shore- 

 based activities. Special attention is given to problems that were unfore- 

 seen at the time of the initiation of limited entry that, with experience, 

 could have been avoided. The paper is based largely on field research 

 conducted in 1963 and 1964, 



(371.) Ocean Fishery Management: Discussions and Re- 

 search — A Study of the Socioeconomic Impact of Changes 

 in the Harvesting Labor Force in the Maine Lobster In- 

 dustry. By A. M. Huq. April 1973, pp. 159-173, 1 fig., 13 

 tables. 



ABSTRACT 



The basic question of the mobility of the labor force in the Maine 

 lobster fishery is investigated with particular emphasis on the produc- 

 tivity of control groups within a sample and their social, educational, 

 economic, and demographic characteristics. Under various assumptions 

 which would lead to exit from the fishery of these groups certain conse- 

 quences are enumerated, both with regard to those leaving and those 

 remaining as well as the impact on and role of the local communities in- 

 volved. A preliminary assessment of the impact of certain types of 

 management programs upon the labor component of the harvesting sec- 

 tor is presented. 



372. Published in 1972. 



373. Number not assigned. 



374. Marine Flora and Fauna of the Northeastern United 

 States. Annelida: Oligochaeta. By David G. Cook and 

 Ralph O. Brinkhurst. May 1973, iii -I- 23 pp., 82 figures. 



ABSTRACT 



The manual includes an introduction on the general biology, an 

 illustrated key. an annotated systematic list, a selected bibliography, 

 and an index to the marine Oligochaeta of the East Coast of North 



