BIRDS. 99 



the cook had thrown overboard ; were ishy and difficult to shoot. Fiill- 

 growii young' of this species were shot in the first days of September 5 

 these were even darker than the young of L. argentatHS, the primaries 

 and tail being ven/ nearly black. 



66. Larus mariiius, Liiiu. 



■• Nayanlhik," Greenlandera. 

 Observed in Cumberland only in late autumn ; cannot ascertain that 

 they breed there -, quite common on the Greenland coast form 03- to 70^ 

 N. lat. Abundant in October on the South Labrador coast and New- 

 foundland. Hundreds daily frequent St. John's Harbor, ISTewfoundland. 



67. Larus argentatus, Briinu. 

 "Nowyali," Cumberland Eskimo. 



iS^ot uncommon in Cumberland, and breeds to lat. 07'^ N. A mere 

 straggler on the Greenland coast. Specimen shot June 20 in Cumber- 

 laud contained ova as large as buckshot. 



68. Pagophila eburnea, Gm. 



■• Xayauarsuk,-' Greenlanders. 

 Very common in Kingwah Fjord and vicinity just before it froze up, 

 for a few days only. None seen in spring. Does not breed in Cumber- 

 land. By no means common on the Greenland coast. The food of those 

 I examined consisted of small crustaceans. I saw one trying to swallow 

 the wing of a Som. molUssima that the cook had thrown overboard, when 

 I shot it. The wing -was so lodged in the oesophagus that it would cer- 

 tainly have choked the bird had it not disgorged. Those that visited 

 our neighborhood seemed to have a very decided preference for meat. 

 I once saw three or four alight on a seal that had just been killed, and 

 attempt to get at the flesh. They are easily decoyed within shot by 

 strewing pieces of meat on the ice. Were one of the most abundant 

 and greedy birds around a Avhale carcass that had been killed in the 

 vicinity. The specimens I procured that were nearly in adult plumage 

 had a greenish yellow bill at base and bright yellow tip, with )w dushj 

 marlcings; the younger birds onlj^ had the bill clouded with dusky. 

 There api)ears to be a marked difference in the size of the sexes, the 

 female being one to two inches shorter than the male. 



69. Hissa tridactyla, Liun.^ 



"Nowaviih" (Little Nowyah), Cmnbeiland Eskimo. "Tattaral," or ''Tatarak," 

 Greenlanders and Eskimo about I'robisliev Straits. 



The kittiwake was first noticed in the Straits of Belle Isle, on our 

 outward passage, the 18th of August, 1877. From this point northward 



