MOLLUSCOIDS. 149 



Cellaria aiticuiata Sniitt, ex ralniciiis. 

 >Salicbrnaiia borcaUs Busk. 



Cellaria borcalis S.mitt, Ofvcisigt af Kougl. Yct.-Akad. Foiii. 1867, p. 361, tab. 

 XX, fig. 17, 18G7. 



On HaloeyntMa I'ustica, attached to roots of Laminaria. 



Head of Cumberland Gulf, May 19, 1878, lot 592. Some of the 

 specimens are very young, with only a single clavate joint ; others are 

 nearly two inches high, and beginning to branch. 



Membranipora Sophiae Busk. 



With the last (lot 592). Also from Annanactook Harbor, May 19, 

 1878, on roots of Laminaria^ 7 fathoms. 



Sscharina ansata (Joliust.) Gray. 



MolUa rulgaris, forma ansata Smitt, Ovcrsigt af Kongl. Yetenskaps-Akad. FiJrli. 

 1867, p. 14, tab. xxv, f. 78-83, 18G7. 



Several specimens occurred on the roots of Laminaria, 7 fathoms, An- 

 nanactook Harbor, May 19, 1878 (lot 597). Some agree with the var. 

 unsata Smitt {Lepralia ansata Johnst.), but in most cases there are well- 

 developed calcareous paxnlhTe near the sides of the apertures as in the 

 var. papillata. 



I adopt the generic name Esckarina given by Milne Edwards to a 

 groui^, including the present species, in 1835 (in Lamarck, An. sans 

 Vert., ed. 2, vol. ii, pp. 218, 230), and for which he cited as the type E. 

 rulgaris (Moll.). Dr. Gray (List Brit. Animals in British Museum, p. 

 121, 1818) also restricted the name to the same and closely allied spe- 

 cies. Dr. Smitt, however, united this group with Jlippothoaj which 

 seems to be a suflficienty distinct genus. 



The restricted genus Escharina, as I limit it, is characterized by the 

 w^ell-nfarked median sinus of the apertures of the zosecia, together with 

 the lateral avicularia, usually developed near one or both sides of the 

 apertures. The mode of growth is usually Lepralia-like, but may also 

 be Escharine. It is therefore equivalent, or nearly so, to the genns 

 Schizopordla, recently proposed by Ilin(;ks for the same typical species. 



The genus Escharoidcs, proposed by I'Mwards iii the same work, has 

 also been incorrectly used by some writers; for although Gray re- 

 stricted it, in 1848, to one of the original species, E. coccinca (AbUdg.), 

 thus making it ecpiivalent, in part, to lUscopora Smith, the last-named 

 writer has applied it to a group, typilied by E. rosacea, not included by 

 Edwards. As the name should be restored, in accordance with Gray's 

 limitation, I have proposed elsewhere the name Escharopsi.s, as a substi- 

 tute for Escliaroiflcs of Smitt, including two Northern Atlantic si)eci<'s 



