spine or absent. No other worker has mentioned 

 female P5, and most have stated P5 absent.] 



Male. — Length 1.59-2.3 mm. Prosome ovoid, 

 anterior irregular in dorsal view, posterior somewhat 

 rounded; in lateral view with abrupt forward slope. 

 Rostrum knoblike protuberance, faintly divided. Ce 

 and Thl separate; Ce slightly expanded dorsally but 

 not posteriorly. Prosome length 2' 2 times urosome. 

 Anal segment reduced. Caudal rami length slightly 

 greater than width. Caudal setae relatively thick. 



Al reaching urosome segment 3. Segment 2 

 somewhat longer than segment 1; segments 9 and 10 

 fused. Right segment 20 merging with segment 21, as 

 on left-handed species; segment 25 reduced. 



M.x2 fragile, surface nude; setae of reduced length, 

 terminal setae thicker than on female. 



Mxp Bl-2 surface nude, setae of reduced size. Ril 

 partly fused to Ri2. Ril with 4 short, plumose setae. 

 Ri2 twice as long as on female, setae of reduced size. 

 RiS proximal seta reduced; other 2 setae long, thick, 

 with rough and shortly plumose inner edge. Ri4 inner 

 setae as Ri3, outer seta reduced. RiS reduced, all setae 

 reduced. 



PI Rel outer distal spine reduced to minute seta. 

 Re2 outer distal spine forming sharply curved hook. 



P4 Bl posterior surface without inner transverse 

 row of spinules or setules; inner margin with seta. 



P5 biramus, left-handed; left Bl reaching one-third 

 length of right B2; left B2 reaching one-third length of 

 right Re2. Left leg slightly longer than right; left and 

 right Re about equal length; left Ri much longer than 

 right Ri. Order of length, longest to shortest, of Re 

 segments: left 3, 2, 1; right 2 = 3, 1. Left Ri reaching 

 about to end of left Re longest terminal seta. Right Ri 

 reaching one-third length of right Re2. At least right 

 Rel with distal outer seta. Inner edge of left Re2-3 

 with hairs. Each Re with 1 small and 1 moderate 

 bladelike terminal setae. 



Remarks 



Sars (1905) originally reported female M. typica 

 length as 2.20 mm; apparently this was an error, cor- 

 rected to 2.30 mm (Sars, 1925; Belloc, 1960). 



Sars' (1924, 1925) later description is thorough; 

 however, he undoubtedly failed to note spines on the 

 posterior surface of P2-P4, described by other workers. 



The descriptions by Rose (1933), Farran and Ver- 

 voort (1951b), and Owre and Foyo (1967) are from 

 Sars (1924, 1925). 



Distribution 



Pacific Ocean 



Northwest; Tanaka (1953, 1956), 0-1,000 m. 



— Furuhashi (1961, 1966), 369-3,010 m. — 



Minoda (1971), 87-164 m. 

 West: Wilson (1950), 0-180 m. 



Indo-Pacific: Scott (1909), 0-2,000 m. — Ver- 

 voort (1946), 355-1,800 m. —Wilson (1950), 

 0-1,080 m. 

 Indian Ocean 



Northwest: Vervoort (1946), 555-1,000 m. 



West: Grice and Hulsemann (1967), 1,000- 

 2,000 m. 



Southwest: De Decker and Mombeck (1965), 

 500-1,500 m. 

 Atlantic Ocean 



North: Grice and Hulsemann (1965), 850-1,400 

 m. 



Northeast: Sars (1905; 1924, 1925), 0-2,500 m. 

 —Farran (1908, 1926), 450-1,800 m. — Lysholm 

 and Nordgaard (1945), 0-1,700 m. —Grice 

 and Hulsemann (1965), 1,000-2,800 m. — Vives 

 (1970), 300-900 m. 



East: Sars (1905; 1924, 1925), 0-5,000 m. —Ly- 

 sholm and Nordgaard (1945), 0-3,400 m. — 

 Vervoort (1963), 0-100 m. —Roe (1972a, b), 

 830-950 m. 



Mediterranean Sea: Sars (1924, 1925), cited by 

 Massuti (1939), 0-2,595 m. — Hure (1965), 

 300-1,000 m. —Hure and Scotto di Carlo 

 (1968, 1969, 1971), 300-1,000 m. — Mazza 

 (1968), 250-700 m. —Scotto di Carlo (1968), 

 below 300 m. -Grice (1971), 850-2,200 m. 



Southeast: Unteruberbacher (1964), 0-52 m. 



Central: Lysholm and Nordgaard (1945), 0- 

 1,250 m. 



West: Grice (1963), 600-1,000 m. 



Caribbean Sea: Owre and Foyo (1964), 584- 

 877 m. —Park (1970), 487-1,900 m. 



2. Monacilla tenera Sars, 1907 



Monacilla tenera Sars, 1907, p. 6. —Sars, 1924, 1925, 

 p. 40-41, pi. 12, fig. 11-18. —Farran, 1926, p. 245- 

 246, pi. 6, fig. 13-14. —Rose, 1933, p. 88, fig. 50. — 

 Farran and Vervoort, 1951b, p. 2-3, fig. 4a-b. — 

 Owre and Foyo, 1967, p. 42, fig. 224-225, 228, 231- 

 232. 



Hypsicalanus gracilis Wolfenden, 1911, p. 219-220, 

 pi. 25, fig. 6-11. 



Type Specimens: Syntypes, females (2.30 mm), Mu- 

 see Oceanographique de Monaco (Belloc, 1960); on 

 slides F5059-F5061, OSLO. 

 Type Locality: Central North Atlantic, 0-3,000 m. 



Description 



Female. — Length 1.8-2.30 mm. Prosome in dorsal 

 view slender ovoid; head with prominent crest. In 

 lateral view, crest with abrupt forward slope. Rostrum 

 2 sharp, vertically directed spines, left longer than 

 right (Sars, 1925; Sars, 1907, first reporting right 

 longer than left). Prosome length 3 times urosome. 

 Genital segment symmetrical. Caudal rami length 2 

 times width. 



65 



