KEY TO FAMILIES OF PISCES. 77 



MM. Caudal poduiiclc stoutisli, tlie fiu little forked. 



kSTKOMATKin.K, 77. 

 KK. Dorsal spines (if present) all, or most of tliem, eoiuiected by 



membrane. 

 N. Pectoral fiu witli 4 to 9 lowermost raya detached and 



filiform PoLYNEMIDiE, 6b. 



NN. Pectoral finv^ntire. 



O. Dorsal and anal with detached fiulets. 



P. Anal preceded by 2 free spines CarangidzE, 75. 



PP. Anal not preceded by 2 free spines. 



SCOMBUID/E, 74. 

 00. Dorsal and anal without fiulets. 



Q. Lateral liue armed ]j08lerlorly with keeled plates; 

 2 free anal spines. 



Cakangid/E, 75. 

 QQ. Lateral liue unarmed. 



R. Throat with 2 long barbels (placed just behind 



chin) MVUADM, 95. 



ER. Throat without long barbels. 

 S. Vomer with teeth. 

 T. Dorsal fiu continuous, without distinct 

 siiines. 

 U. Caiulal fiu deeply forked; no pseudo- 

 hranchite . . . ConYpri/ENiD.E, 76. 

 UU. Caudal fiu rounded ; pseudobranchiie 



liresent Icosteid/E, 101. 



TT, Dorsal fin with a diliereutiated spinous 



part. 



V. Gill membranes joined to the isthmus; 



no lateral line. .. GoBiiDiE, 104. 



W. Gill membranes free from the isthmus. 



W. Eyes lateral. 



X. Aual fiu preceded by 2 free spines. 



- Scales cycloid, minute. 



Carangid^, 7.5, 



— Scales ctenoid, moderate. 



POMATOMIDyE, 7G. 



XX. Aual fin not preceded by free 

 spines. 



Y. Tail keeled Caraxgid^e, 75. 



YY. Tail not keeled. 

 Z. Anal spines none. 



Serraxid/E. 86. 

 ZZ. Anal spines 1 or 2. 



Scales large, deciduous ; mouth nearly vertical .Apogonid.e, 89. 



* Scales smaller, adherent ; mouth nearly horizontal. 



t Anal rays nu)rc than 20 Pomatomto.e, 76. 



ft Aual rays less than 20 Percidje, 85. 



ZZZ. Anal spines 3. 



t Pseudobranchiie small, glandular, covered by skin Centrarciiidjs, 84. 



tt Pseiulobranchiai large, exposed. 



U Front teeth incisor-like, compressed Sparid/E, 88. 



1[1I Front teeth all pointed ; no incisors. 



^ Maxillary slipping under prcorbital for its whole length. 



PlilSTIPOMATlDiE, 87. 



