80 CONTRIBUTIOIsS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY IV. 



D. Dorsal and. anal fins followed by finlets. 



E. Free anal spines 2 Carangid-E, 75. 



EE. Free anal spines none ScoiiBRiDiE, 74. 



DD. Dorsal and anal without finlets. 



F. Upper jaw prolonged into a ''sword " XipniiDiE, 72. 



FF. Upiier jaw not prolonged into a sword. 



G. Suborbital witli a bony stay Cottidje, 107. 



GG. SuborT)ital without bony stay. 



H. Anal fin absent; caudal fin rudimentary or directed upward. 



TRACHYPTERIDiE, 100. 



HH. Anal tin present ; caudal developed. 



I. Ventral rays less tlian I, 5. 



J. Dorsal sj)ines none at all ; lateral line with prickles. 



ICOSTEID^, 101. 



JJ. Dorsal spines very few (less than 6) Batr'achid^, 114. 



J J J. Dorsal sijines ntxmei-ous Blenniid^, 112. 



II. Ventrals thoracic, I, 5, or more. 



K. Dorsal with a series of bony plates at base Zexid.e, 81. 



KK. Dorsal without bony plates at base. 



L. Anal preceded by 2 free spines Caraxgid^e, 75. 



LL. Anal without free spines Trachinid^, 102. 



BB. Gill-openings small, behind the pectoral fins, which are more or less pedic- 



ulate. • 



M. Gill-openings in or behind upper axil of pectorals; 



mouth small MALTnEiD^E, 126. 



MM. Gill-openings in or behind lower axil ; mouth large, 

 N. Head, compressed ; no pseudobranchise. 



Antennariid^, 125. 

 NN. Head depressed ; pseudobranchise present. 



LOPHIIDvE, 124. 



III.— VENTRAL FINS ENTIRELY WANTING. 



A. Gill-openings ventral, confluent in a longitudinal slit ; body eel-shaped. 



Synaphobranchid^, 54. 

 B. Gill-openings lateral, or not confluent. 



C. Gill membranes united to the isthmus (i. e., gill-openings separated by an 



isthmus). 

 D. Dorsal fin single, of spines only. 



E. Molar teeth present Anarriiichadidte, 113. 



EE. Molar teeth none Blexxiid^e, 112. 



DD. Dorsal fins two, anterior sj)inous, posterior soft ; teeth incisor-like. 



Baxistid^, 128. 

 DDD. Dorsal fin undivided, the spines feeble or none. 

 E. Snout tubular, bearing the short, toothless mouth at its end ; body mailed. 



F. Caudal Qn present ; head in the line of the axis of the body. 



SYXGXATIIIDiE, 58. 

 FF. Caudal fin wanting ; head not in line of axis of body. 



HiPPOCAMPiD^, 59. 

 EE. Snout not tubular. 



G. Body elongate, eel-shaped. 

 H. Pectoral fins wanting. 



I. Gill-openings very small MuR^xiD.E, 52. 



II. Gill-openings moderate Anguillid^, 53. 



HH. Pectoral tins present. 



