31. CYPRINID^ CAMPOSTOMA. 149 



peiuU'd in the abdominal cavity, and entirely surrounded by many con- 

 volutions of the long alimentary canal, which is G-9 times the total 

 length of the body. Ovaries similarly enclosed in the alimentary canal. 

 Peritoneum black. Pseudobranclii;e present. Scales moderate. Lat- 

 eral line present. Dorsal nearly over ventral. Anal basis short. No 

 spines. Herbivorous. Sexual differences very great, the males being 

 covered with large tubercles in spring. The singular arrangement of 

 the intestines in relation to the air-bladder is peculiar to Campostoma 

 among all known fishes. Size moderate. (;^a,a-/j', curve ; aru/xa, month.) 



* Scales small, 75-30 iu tlio lateral line ; teeth 4-4 (?). 



170. C. oraiatiini Grd. 



Body stout. Head large, blunt and heavy. Mouth large, the max- 

 illary reaching to near the front of the large eye. Tail rather short. 

 Coloration brilliant, precisely as in C. anomalum. Head 3^ ; depth 4. 

 D. 8; A. 8; Lat. 1. 78. Chihuahua River. {Girard.) 



(Grd. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. I':i5(), 17G; Giinther, vii, 183.) 



** Scales moderate, 48-57. 

 t Teeth 4-4. 



171. C anonialuasi (Eaf.) Ag. — Stone-roller; Slone-lugger. 



Body stoutish, moderately compressed, the ante-dorsal region becom- 

 ing swollen and prominent in the adult. Snout moderately decurved. 

 Scales deep, rather small and crowded anteriorly. Maxillary not reach- 

 ing to opposite the front of the eye. Color brownish, with a brassy lus- 

 tre above, the scales more or less mottled with dark. A dusky vertical 

 bar behind the opercle. Dorsal and anal tins (\ach with a dusky cross- 

 bar about half way u]), th(; rest of the fin olivaceous in fem'ales, fiery red 

 in tlie males in the spring. Iris orange iu males. Males in the spring 

 with the head and often the whole body covered with large, rounded tu- 

 bercles. In no other Cyprinoid are these nuptial appeiuhiges so exten- 

 sively developed. Head 4^ ; depth 4|. D. 8 ; A. 7 5 scales 7-53-8 ; teeth 

 4-4. L. C-8 inches. Extremely variable, the young very different in 

 appearance from the old males. Western New York to Mexico, every- 

 Avhere abundant in deep or still places in small streams, running up 

 small brooks to spaWn in spring. Herbivorous. One of the most inter- 

 esting and curious of our fishes. 



{Riitilun anomalna Raf. Ichlh. Oh. 52: Exofjlonmm duhium Kirtland, Bost. Journ. 

 Nat. Hist. V, 272: Exoijlossnm .sphiJccphalam Cnv. & Val. xvii, 4'^9: ChondroHtoma pnlUim 

 At;a.ssiz, Aim;r. Jonru. Sci. Arts, 18.54, 357 : CampOHtoma calUptenjx, mormijnis, (jobionl- 

 iiuin, aiid hippops Cope, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. I'hila. 1664, 284: Campoaloma nusutuni 



