31. CYPRINID^ RHINICHTHYS. 207 



canal short. Scales very small. Lateral line continuous. Dorsal fin 

 inserted behind the ventrals. Anal basis short. Size small. Colora- 

 tion dark, rosy in spring, (piv, snout; f^6'o<r, fisk; the snout in most 

 species being prominent.) 



313. R. cataractae (Val.) Jor. — Long-nosed Dace. 



Body elongate, little compressed, not elevated. Head long, the muz- 

 zle flattened, narrowed, and extremely prominent, the mouth being en- 

 tirely inferior and horizontal. Eye nearly median, its diameter con- 

 tained twice in the length of the snout, about 5 times in bead. Isthmus 

 wide. Barbel evident. Lateral line commencing opposite the upper 

 posterior angle of the opercle, decurved. Pectoral fins enlarged in the 

 males. Color olivaceous, paler below, with numerous dusky punctula- 

 tious; the back often almost black; some of the scales usually irregu- 

 larly darker, producing a mottled appearance; no black lateral bands j 

 young specimens with a dusky lateral shade; a blackish spot on the 

 opercle; males in spring with the lips, cheeks, and lower fins crimson. 

 Head 4; depth 5. D. 8; A. 7; scales 14-65-8; teeth 2, 4-4, 2. L. 5 

 inches. New England to Virginia and Wisconsin; frequenting clear 

 and boisterous streams and rock-pools. 



{Gobio cataractcB Cuv. & Val. xvi, 315,1842: Leuciscus nasulus Ayres, I3ost. Journ. 

 Nat. Hiat. iv, 299,1843: Argyreus nasulm Cope, Cypr. Penn. 369: Rhinichtli!j8 naKutua 

 Giinther, vii, 189: Ceratichthys cataractce Guntlier, vii, 176: Bhinichthys tnarnioratus 

 Agiissiz, Lake Superior, 354: Ehinichthys marmoratus Giiuther, vii, 189.) 



314. R. maxiBIosus Cope. 



Body elongate, not elevated. Head long, the muzzle long and project- 

 ing, as in the preceding species, but rather heavier, the mouth broader, 

 the maxillary extending nearly to the eye. Barbel evident. Eye small, 

 high up, median, 51 in head. Fins small, caudal not deeply forked. 

 Lateral line decurved. Silvery; darker above; a dusky lateral shade, 

 at least in the young. Head 4; depth 5. D. 8; A. 7; scales 11-70-8. 

 L. 5 inches. Upper Missouri region southeastward. Very close to the 

 preceding. 



(Cope, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1864, 278.) 



315. B. transnaontaRius Cope. 



This species, the common RhinicMhys of New Mexico, differs from 

 Bhinichthys maxillosus in having the dorsal fin equidistant between the 

 base of the caudal and the end of the muzzle, and in having the longi- 

 tudinal series of scales below the lateral line more numerous (12-13). 



