37. ChXJPEWJE SPRATELLOIDES. 263 



remain there permanently. The current genera are ill defined and 

 apparently too numerous, and we have followed Dr. Giinther in refer- 

 ring,' most of them to (Jlnpea. The rudimentary teeth are extremely 

 variable, even in the same species. 



(C7«;j«(te groups Clupeina ■A.nd Dussumivribta Giinther, vii, 41'2— 1G7. ) 



* Belly rounded, covered witli ordiniuy scales ; snpi)lemental bones of maxillary very 

 narrow. {DussumieriUnv. ) 

 a. Ventrals small, behind dorsal ; teeth small, persistent on jaws, vomer, palatines, 



plerj'goids, and tongue Etrumeus, 120. 



aa. Ventrals below dorsal ; teeth wanting or deciduous Spratelloides, 121. 



■"^ Belly compressed, armed with bony serr;e ; supplemental bones of maxillary broad. 

 ( Clupclnoi. ) 

 b. Scales with their posterior margins entire and rounded. 

 c. Last ray of dorsal not produced. 



d. Scales thin, deciduous Clupea, 122. 



del. Scales firm, adherent, regularly arranged Harengula, 123. 



cc. Last ray of dorsal produced in a long filament Opisthonema, 124. 



bb. Scales with their posterior margins vertical, and pectinate or fluted. 



Brevoortia, 125. 



120.— ETKUMEUS Bleeker. 



Bound Herrings. 



(Bleeker, Verh. Bat. Gen. xxv, Japan, 4d : type Clupea micropu8 Schlegel, from Japan.) 

 Body elongate, fusiform, subcyliudrical, snout pointed. Mouth ter- 

 minal, rather wide, the maxillary extending to opposite the eye, its sup- 

 l>lemeutal i)ieces slender; jaws and most of the bones of the mouth 

 with small but i^ermaneut teeth. Scales cycloid, entire, very decidu- 

 ous. Branchiostegals fine, about 15 in number. Pyloric cceca numer- 

 ous. Belly rounded, covered with ordinary scales. Fins all small, 

 the anal especially so. Ventrals behind dorsal. Two species known. 

 {i,~f>ov, abdomen; J/jk^?, even?) 



437. E. teres (DeKay) Giinther. — Bound Tlerring. 



Olivaceous above, silvery on sides and below. Body terete and fusi- 

 form. Head slightly compressed forwards. Mouth small, maxillary 

 reaching front of orbit. Eye large, equal to snout. Fins all very small. 

 Vomerine teeth present. Head 4 in length; depth 6. D. I'i; A. 10. 

 Atlantic coast of the United States; not common. 



(Alosa teres DeKay, New York Fauna, Fish. 1842, 262; Giintlier, vi, 407.) 



121.— SPK.\TEILH.OIDES Bleeker. 

 (Bleeker, Verh. Bat. Gen. xxiv, Ilaring, 29: type Clupea aty/ifrotwuia Bleeker.) 



Body elongate, subcyliudrical or slightly compressed, covered with 

 moderate-sized deciduous scales. Abdomen obtuse, without keel or 



