4G. SALMONID^ SALMO. 315 



than in tlic adult, as in all trout). Scales moderate, varyinf; to rather 

 small. Back and caudal ])eduncle profusely covered with rounded 

 black spots of varying size; doisal, caudal, and adipose fin covered 

 ■with small spots about as large as the nostril; a few spots on the head; 

 belly rarely spotted ; inner edge of the mandibles below with a red 

 blotch; sea-run specimens are nearly uniform silvery; males Avith a 

 broad lateral band and patches of light red; extremely variable in color 

 and form. Head 4; depth 4. D. 10; A. 10. CcKca 43. Scales variable 

 in size, 33-150-30 to 39-170-30. The common trout of the Kocky IMount- 

 ains aud Cascade region, abounding in all the streams of Alaska, 

 Oregon, and Washington, where it descends to salt water, and reaches 

 a weight of 20 pounds (Columbia Eiver, Charles J. Smith); also in the 

 Y-ellowstoue region, the Upper Missouri, the Upper Rio Grande, Colo- 

 rado, and the lakes of the Great Basin of Utah, being very abundant 

 in Utah Lake, ifot common south of Mount Shasta in California. 

 This species is apparently the ixirent stock, from which our other black- 

 spotted trout have scarcely yet become ditferentiated. Considerable 

 local variations occur, especially in size, coloration, and size of scales. 

 The red blotches on the lower jaw between the dentary bones and the 

 membrane joining them is very constant and characteristic. 



(Salmo purpuratua Pullas, Zool. Eoss. Asiat., iii, 374, 1811-31: Salmo clarki Eicli. 

 Fauna Bor.-Auier. iii, 224, 1833 : Fario stellatus GirarcT, Proc. Acafl. Nat. Sci. Phila. 

 1850,219: Sahno hrevkauda Snckley, Auu. Lyo. Nat. Hist. N. Y. vii, 308, 18G1: Salmo 

 gteUatiis, fjibhsi, and brerlcaitda Giintber, vi, 117-120: Sahno cZarti Jordan, Proc. U. S. 

 Nat. Mu8. i, 77 : Salmo lsiq>pitch Jordan, Pi'oc. U. S. Nat. Mns. i, 72; Fario auroraGirard, 

 Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci, Phila. viii, 218, 1856: Salar leivisi Grd. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 

 Pliilii. 1856, 211) : Salar rirginaHs Girard, 1. c. 220 : Sahno carhiatus Cope, Hayden's Geol. 

 Surv. Mont. 1871, 471-472: Sahno utah Snckley, Mouogr. Salmo, 136: Sahno aurora^ 

 leuisi, and vir'jlnalis Giintber, vi, 119-123,) 



Var, bouvici'i Bendire. — IVaha Lake Trout. 



Similar to S. purpnratus, but with dark spots only on the dorsal, cau- 

 dal, and adipose fin, and on the tail behind front of anal, where the 

 spots are very profuse, smaller than i)upil. Anterior regions dusky 

 bluish, not silvery; red blotch ou inner edges of dentary bones below 

 very conspicuous. Head shorter and deeper than in inirpuratun, the 

 snout shorter and blunter, not longer than eye, which is 4 in head. 

 Opercle and preopercle less convex than in purpuratus. Maxillary 2-^ 

 in head. Caudal moderately forked. Dead 4; depth 4g. D. 10; A. 11; 

 B. 12; Lat. 1.17;"). Size small. A singularly colored local variety, found 

 in Waha Lake, Washington Territory, a mountain lake without outlet. 



{Salmo iouvieri Bendire, MSS.) 



