428 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NOKTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY IV. 



Atlantic Ocean, on both coasts ; abundant j a food-fish of rather low 



grade. 



{Scomber pelaniys Briiuuicli, Icbth. Massil. 17G8, 69, not of L. Syst. Nat. : Scomber 

 mcditerraneus BIocli & Schu. 1801, 23: Pclamijs sarda Storer, Fish. Mass. 63: Pelamtjs 

 sarda Giiiither, ii, 367: Sarda pelamys Gill.) 



675. S. cJaiSeaasis (Cuv. & Val.) J. & G. — Bonito ; SJdp-jaclc; Tuna. 



Dark metallic blue; sides dusky; about 5 blackish stripes running 

 obliquely upward and backward from the pectoral region to the upjier 

 edge of the tail, these A'^ariable in number and direction. Head pointed, 

 conical, naked. Maxillary reaching posterior border of eye. Pectorals 

 placed just below the level of the pupil, scarcely half as long as head. 

 Gill-rakers long, strong, about 18 below angle. Corselet moderately 

 developed. Head 3f ; depth about 4. D. XVIII-I, 12-VIII ; A. II, 

 11-VI. L. 2-3 feet ; weight 10 pounds. San Francisco to Patagonia 

 and Japan; abundant northward in summer; very similar to the pre- 

 ceding but with the spinous dorsal always shorter. 



(Pelamys chilensis Cuv. & Val. viii, 163: Pelamys lineolata Givard, U. S. Pac. R. R. 

 Surv. Fish. 1U6: Pelamys chilensis GUuther, ii, 106: Pelamys orientalis Gunther, ii, 106.) 



217.— ORCYMUS Ciivier. 



Tunnies. 



(Thynnus Cuvier, 1817, preoccupied in entomology.) 

 (Cnvier, Rfegne Anim. 2d ed. 1829: type Scomber thynnus L.) 



Body oblong, robust, with very slender caudal peduncle. Head con- 

 ical. Mouth wide, with one series of small, conical teeth in the jaws and 

 bands of minute villiform or sand-like teeth on the vomer and jjalatines. 

 Scales present, those of the pectoral region forming an obscure corselet. 

 First dorsal of 12-15 spines which grow gradually shorter backward, the 

 interval between last sijine and second dorsal slight ; second dorsal and 

 aual short and rather high, each with 8-10 finlets; veutrals moderate; 

 pectorals moderate or very long, rather below the level of the eye. Ver- 

 tebrae normal, the lower foramina very small. Fishes of the open seas ; 

 often attaining a very great size. {6p/.uvu<;, au ancient name of 0. thyn- 

 nus.) 



a. Pectoral fins sabre-shaped, reaching beyond end of second dorsal. (Albicores.) 

 678. O. alaSosiga, (Gmel.) Risso. — Albicore; Alilonghi; German. 



Bright metallic steel-blue; belly bluish silvery; fins colored like the 

 body; pectorals blackish, with silvery lustre. Body little compressed, 

 regularly elliptical, its weight great in proportion to the length. Tail 



