85. PERCID^ ALVORDIUS. 501 



iii. Chocks naked; opercles scaly above ouly; space before dorsal naked; muzzle 

 blunt. 



d. Ventral shields moderate ; colors dull, plain crassiis. 



dd. Ventral shlekis very large, 4 or 5 times the size of the ordinary scales ; colors 



brilliant variatiis. 



aa. Vertebras less than 40; dorsal spines 10 or 11 ; palatine teeth obsolete ; males with 

 the lower fins tuberculate in spring. {Ericoama Jordan.) ....evides, fasciatus. 



a. Vertebrse more than 40 ; dorsal spines 11 to 15 ; palatine teeth present. (Alvordius.) 

 h. Cheeks and opercles entirely scaleless; head very long and large ; lat. 1. 75 to 80. 



tSl, A. macroccpSiaSus (Cope) Jor. 



Body elongate. Head long and large ; mouth rather large, maxillary 

 reaching to opposite anterior margin of orbit. Eye shorter than snout, 

 4 J in head. Ventral shields twice as large as other scales. Head, neck, 

 and chest without scales. Color light brown, with a slightly undula- 

 ting whitish band from upper angle of opercle to caudal peduncle ; back 

 with dark quadrate spots ; sides with 9 blackish longitudinal spots, 

 alternating with smaller ones; streaks downward and forward from 

 eye; vertical fins somewhat barred; spinous dorsal with a median 

 blackish band ; head spotted above. Head 3 J; depth 7. D. XV-13; 

 A. n, 11; scales 11-77-15. L. 3 inches. Ohio Valley; not very common. 



(Etheosioma macrocej^halum Cope, Trans. Am. Philos. Soc. 1886, 401; Jordan, Man. 

 Vert. ed. 2, 220.) 



bh. Cheeks covered with fine scales; opercles with larger ones. 



c. Head very slender, with long acuminate muzzle; jaws nearly equal; space be- 

 fore dorsal scaled; lat. 1. 65 to 70; lateral blotches small, quadrate. 



ysa. A. l>!!lOXOceplBaIUS (Nelson) Cope & Jordan. 



Body rather slender, compressed. Head extremely long, narrow and 

 tapering, the snout very acuminate. Mouth large, the maxillary reach- 

 ing to the eye ; the lower jaw unusually narrow and long, scarcely shorter 

 than upi)er. Eye about equal to snout, 4^ in head. Cheeks, opercles, 

 and neck with small scales; chest naked. Color yellowish brown, some- 

 what as in A. aspro^ bnt the lateral spots smaller and more numerous, 

 quadrate in form; a small blackish spot at each end of the lateral line. 

 Head 4; depth 5^. D. XII-15 ; A. II, 9; scales 12-08-14. L. 4 inches. 

 Indiana to Kansas; not common. 



(Etheostoma plioxocephalum Nelson, Bull. Ills. Mus. Nat. Hist, i, 35, 1876; Jordan, 

 Man. Vert. Ed. 2d, 221.) 



cc. Head stouter, with wider muzzle; lower jaw included. 



9'§3. A. aspro Cope & Jordan — IJIack-sided Barter. 



Body rather elongate, fusiform, compressed behind. Head moderately 

 elongate, less i)ointed than in some of the species. Mouth moderate, 

 the lower jaw included ; maxillary reaching just past the front of the 

 eye. Eye about equal to snout, 4 in head. Gill-membranes little con- 



