85. PERCID.E PCECILICHTHYS. " 515 



a. Dorsal spines 8 or more; anal spines well developed. 



b. Humeral rej^ion with an enlarged black scale-like process. 



c. Cheeks and opercles naked ; nape naked ; body striped viryatus. 



cc. Cheeks and nape naked ; opercles scaly saxatilis. 



ccc. Cheeks, opercles, and nape more or less scaly jmnctulatus, artculce. 



bb. Humeral scale obsolete or wanting. 



d. Opercles and cheeks naked ; i)reopercle creuulate; anal spines very long. 



lepidus. 

 dd. Opercles scaly; preoperclo strictly entire, 

 e. Lateral line nearly straight. 

 /, Cheeks naked; or with only 3 or 4 siiuill imhcdded scales close behind 



6ye canileus, speciabll'tH. 



ff. Cheeks evidently scaly, at least above aHprigenis, ji-ssice. 



ce. Lateral lineforraingaslight curve above the pectorals; dorsals sub-equal. 

 Dorsal spines 9 or 10. {Boh'whihijs Girard.) 



g. Cheeks scaly butleriunus, barratti, fiisiformis, erochrous, cos. 



(jfj. Cheeks naked exiUn, uarreni, gracilis. 



aa. Dorsal spines (5 ; anal spines obsolete? (Alvarius) , lateralis. 



a. Dorsal spines 8 or more; anal spines well developed. 



b. Humeral region with an enlarged scale-like process, which is always black, 

 c. Opercles, cheeks, and nape naked ; body striped. 



§06. P. Virgatlis Jordan. 



Body slender, subfusiforra, compressed, the back somewhat elevated, 

 the caudal peduncle rather deep. Flead long, rather slender and pointed, 

 little compressed, the snout but little decurved. Mouth rather large, 

 somewhat oblique, the maxillary reaching to the pupil, the lower jaw 

 scarcely shorter than the upper ; teeth small, even, in several rows. 

 13ye rather large. Posterior border of preopercle above, obtusely cre- 

 nate. Scales rather large; lateral line distinct, on about 20 scales; 53 in 

 a lengthwise series. Head naked ; nape and breast naked. Color green- 

 ish, each scale with a small blackish spot, forming conspicuous lateral 

 stripes, as in Etheostoma lineolatum ; back and sides with cross-blotches ; 

 humeral scale large and black; dorsal and caudal fin faintly barred. 

 Head 3§ ; depth 5. .D. IX-10 ; A. II, 8. Eock Castle River, Kentucky ; 

 resembh^s the species of Etheostoma. 



(Jordan, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. ii, 236, 1879.) 

 cc. Cheeks and nape naked ; opercles scaly. 



§07. P. saxatslis Hay. 



Body rather slender. Head pointed, the profile descending in a 

 gradual curve. Mouth large, the maxillary extending to opposite front 

 of pupil. Eye equal to snout, 4 in head. Cheeks, breast, and throat 

 naked; opercles with a few large scales. Lateral line little arched, its 

 tubes on about 35 scales. Doisals well separated, the second shorter 

 and higher than first. Greenish, with darker tessellations; a black 



