85. PERCID^ — STIZOSTEDIUM. 525 



269.— STIZOSTEDEUM Kaliuesque. 

 Pike Perches. 



{Lnelnprrca Cuvier: Ceniropnmus Biceker.) 

 (Slizostcdion Raluies(]uc, Ic-htli. Oh. 1820, 2:5: type Perca sahnonca Eaf. ) 



Body slender, elongate, fusiform. Head subconical, long. Cheeks 

 and opercles more or less scaly ; top of the head A\ith some scales. 

 Mouth large, the jaws about equal; premaxillaries protractile, little 

 movable. Teeth in villiforni bands, the jaws and palatines with long, 

 sharp canines. Gill-rakers slender, strong; gill-membranes separate. 

 Preopercle serrated ; opercle with one or more spines, terminations of 

 radiating stride. Dorsal fins separate, the first with 12 to 15 spines; 

 anal s])ines 2, slender; ventral fins not close together. Scales small, 

 strongly ctenoid ; lateral line continuous. Pseudobranchite well devel- 

 oped. Pyloric cceca 3 to 7. Large carnivorous fishes of the fresh waters 

 of North America and Europe; two strongly marked species on each 

 continent. (<7rj^iy, to prick; 5r£<?.'ov, a little breast ; ''the name means 

 pungent throat," according to Eafinesque.) 



a. Pyloric c(pca 3, subeiiiial, all about as long as the stomach. (Stizonfedlnm.) 



§27. S. v^itreum (Witch.) Jordan &.Cope\ainl.— Wall-eyed rUcc; Dory; Gla^s-cye;- 

 Yellow Pike ; Blue Pike ; Jack Salmon. 



Dark olive, finely mottled with brassy, the latter color forming indis- 

 tinct obli(|ne lines ; sides of head more or less vermiculated ; lower jaw 

 flesh-colored; belly and lower fins pinkish; spinous dorsal with a large 

 jet-black blotch on the membrane of the last two or three spines, other- 

 wise nearly plain ; second dorsal and caudal mottled olive and yellow- 

 ish; base of i)ectorals dusky without distinct black blotch. Body slen- 

 der, becoming comjjressed with age, the back more arched than in iS. ca- 

 nadense. Dorsal si)ines high, more than half length of head; soft dorsal 

 nearly as long as s])inous dorsal.. Head 3?, ; depth about 4.\. Eye shorter 

 than snout, 4J,-5 m head. D. XIII-I, 21 ; A. II, 12; Lat. 1. 90. Pyloric 

 cceca 3, rather long. Great Lake region, Upper Mississi])])i, and vsome 

 Atlantic stre:ims, north to the fur countries; an abundant and valued 

 food-fish, reaching a length of nearly 3 feet and a weight of 10 to 20 

 pounds. 



(Perca rilrea Mitcli. Snp. Anicr. MonMi. Mag. ii, 247, 1818: Lucioperca americaua 

 Cnv. «&: Val. ii, 122; Lucioperca americana Giinther, i, 74; Jordan, IJnll. IJ. S.Nat. Mus, 

 X, 4G: Perca salmouea Raf Amcv. Mouth. Mag. v, 3.'34, 1818: Stizonle hium sdlnwiuum 



