106. SCORP^NID^ — SEBASTODES. 653 



moderate or large, with the jaws equal or tlie lower more or less jiro- 

 jectiiig; teetli in villiform bauds on jaws, vomer and palatines. Head 

 more or less evenly scaled, without deriual Haps; cranial ridges more or 

 less developed;* some or all of the followiug pairs present, usimlly 

 ending in spines: preocular, supraocular, postoeular, tympanic, cor- 

 onal, occipital, aud nuchal. Five preopercular spines. Two spines on 

 the opercle and one to three on the suprascapula. Suborbital stay 

 moderate, usually not reaching preopercle. Gill-rakers various. Scales 

 moderate or rather small, ctenoid, in 45 to 100 transverse series. Dor- 

 sal fin continuous, emarginate, its formul.i XII I, 12 to 14. Anal fin 

 ]II, C to 9. Pectorals well developed, the base broad or narrow, the 

 .lower rays undivided. Caudal truncate or slightly forked; soft parts 

 of vertical fins more or less scaly. Pyloric cceca G to 11. VertebrjB 

 12-1-15. Species of rather large size, and varied, often brilliant colors, 

 mostly red. Sexes colored alike. Most of them inhabit the Pacific 

 Ocean, and they are exceedingly abundant in rocky places along the 

 west coast of the United States. All are ovoviviparous, bringing forth 

 great numbers of young, which are nearly half an inch in length when 

 born. The species differ greatly in form aud armature, but the genera 

 based on these differences intergrade too closely to be worthy of reten- 

 tion. (ffc;3affrd?, Sebastes; eioo-^ likeness.) 



ANALYSIS OF SPECIES OF SEBASTODES. 



a. Scales very small ; lat. 1.90-100; mouth very large, the lower j.iw mncli projecting; 



skull thick, the cranial rhlges 

 weak. A. Ill, 9. (Sebastodes.) 

 Color light olivaceous red ; 

 young greenish pflMcis/^tHts. 



* Diagram of cranial ridges of Sebastodes. 





t 



a. Naaal spines. d. Postoeular spines. ff- Occipital spines. 



b. Preocular spines. e. Tympanic, spines. h. Nuclial spines. 



c. Supraocular spines. /. Coronal spines. t. Eyes. 



