120. GADID.^ — GADUS. 803 



4^5 depth 5 J. D. 98; A. 71. {Storcr.) Polar regions, south to Cape 

 Cod and Denmark. 



(Cradus hroame Miiller, Prodr. Zool. Dan. 41, 177(1: Oadus hrosme P'abr. Faun. Grcenl. 

 1-10 ; Urosiniiis flarcsccns Giintlier, iv, :}()9: Brosmius flavescevs Storer, Fish. Mass. 368: 

 liroamius hrosme Giiutlier, iv, 3G9: Bi-o.smiu9 vulgaris Dckay, New York Fauna, Fish. 

 ^89.) 



443.— GADUS Linnaeus. 



Cod-Jishes. 



(Artedi ; Linn.TUS, Syst. Nat. : type Gadus callarias or morrliua L.) 



Body moderately elongate, compressed and tapering behind. Scales 

 very small; lateral line present. Head narrowed anteriorly; mouth 

 moderate or large; chin witli a barbel, which is sometimes minute; 

 teeth cardiform, subequal, or with those of one series more or less en- 

 larged; vomer with teeth; none on the palatines. Dorsal fins three, 

 Avell separated; anal fins two; ventral fins well developed, of about 

 seven rays. Species of the Northern Seas; highly valued as food. 



{Gadus, the Latin name, akin to the English word Cod.) 



a. Lower jaw included; barbel well developed. 



h. Vent below second dorsal; species of large size, 

 c. Lateral line black; mouth small, the maxillary not reaching eye. {Mclano- 

 grammus* Gill.) 



123§. G. aDgBfifiniiMS Ij.— Haddock. 



Dark gray above, whitish below; lateral line black; a large dark 

 blotch above the j)ectorals; dorsals and caudal dusky. Snout long 

 and narrow, overlapping the small mouth; maxillary barely reach- 

 ing front of orbit; teeth subequal, large, in a cardiform band in upper 

 jaw; in a single series on lower jaw and on vomer; occiput carinated ; a 

 ridge extending backward from each orbit; eye very large, two-thirds 

 length of snout, 4 in head. Anterior rays of first dorsal elevated, 

 three fourths length of head, the fin pointed, higher than second and 

 third dorsals; caudal lunate; vent below front of second dorsal. The 

 skull in this species is more depressed than in Gadus callarias, broader, 

 and thinner in texture; occipital crest exceedingly high, raucli higher 

 than in Gadus, the wing-like projections at its base anteriorly spread- 

 ing widely, raised above the surface of the skull. Head 3f ; depth 4 J. 

 D. 15-24-21; A. 23-21. North Atlantic, on both coasts; an important 

 food-fish, reaching a considerable size. 



{Gadus uglifinus Liuna;u8, Syst. Nat.: Gadus aglifinus Gunther, iv, 332: Melanogrum- 

 vius a;glifi)ius Gill, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 18G3, 237.) 



* Gill, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1863, 237 : type Gadus ceglifmus L. (//e'AaS, black; 

 ypamn), line.) 



