806 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY IV. 



than broad, with siipraoccipital crest continued forwards on the bone, 



and near the front exj)anded upwards, and with the expanded portion 



behind dividing into narrow lateral wings; the lateral testiform ridges 



of the frontal are continued forwards and curved outwards towards the 



antero-lateral angles; the anterior frontals are mostly covered in front 



by the great frontal, and are much developed in the direction of the 



antero-lateral angles, the inferior expanded axillary portion being very 



narrow; the nasal has a rounded ridge in front, continued well below, 



and its posterior crest is laminar and trenchant." 



{Gadns proxbnus Grd. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Pliila. 1854, 141, aufl in U. S. Pac. R. R. 

 Surv. 142: Morrhua calif o'rnica Ayres, Proc. Cal. Acad. Nat. Sci. 1854, 9: Gudus califor- 

 nicus Giinther, iv, 332: Microyadus lyroximus G\\\.) 



1342. Cr. tonicod W aXh. —Toin-cod; Frost-fish. 



Olive brown, distinctly blotched and spotted with darker, lighter on 

 the belly; more opaque than in G. proximus ; back and sides profusely 

 punctulate; dorsals and caudal blotched with darker; anals coarsely 

 punctulate anteriorly, colorless posteriorly; ventrals and pectorals 

 duskj^. Snout rounded, less produced than in G. proximus; mouth 

 short; maxillary 2^ in head, reaching pupil; eye large, 3| in head; 

 barbel small; i^ectorals reaching vent; ventrals filamentous, not reach- 

 ing vent. Vent under interval between first and second dorsals. 

 Head 3§ ; depth 5. D. 13-17-18 ; A. 20-17. L. 11 feet. Virginia to 

 Labrador; common northward. 



(Gadas torn-cod Walbaum, Artedi, Pise. 1792, 133: Morrhua pruinosa Storer, Fish. 

 Mass. 357: Gadas iomcodus Giintlier, iv, 331: MicrOyadus tomcodus Gill.) 



aa. Lower jaw projecting; barbel small, sometimes obsolete. 

 e. Upper jaw with its teeth snbequal. {PoUachius Nilss.*) 



1243. €r. virens lu.—Pollaclc; Coal-fish; Green Cod. 



Greenish browm above; sides and below somew^hat silvery; lateral 

 line pale; tins mostly pale; sometimes a black spot in the axil. Body 

 rather elongate, compressed ; snout sharp and conic ; mouth rather 

 small, oblique; maxillary reaching beyond front of orbit; lower jaw 

 slightly the longer; teeth in the upper jaw nearly equal, the outer 

 series not being especially enlarged; barbel rudimentary or obsolete. 

 Gill -membranes considerably united, free from isthmus. Vent under 

 first dorsal. Caudal fin Innate. Pectorals short, scarcely reaching 



*Nilssou; Bonaparte, Catologo Metodico, 1846, 45: type Gadus pollacMus L. 

 {TtoXXafix, many-fashioned; an old name, with no obvious application; perhaps 

 merely a latinized form of the common name.) 



