SCIENTIFIC PAPERS AND ABSTRACTS. 



CHEMICAL AND MECHANICAL EFFECTS OF STEAM. 



(Proceedings of the Albany Institute, vol. i, p. 90.)* 

 October 30, 1824. 



Joseph Henry read a communication on the chemical and 

 mechanical effects of steam, with experiments designed to 

 illustrate the great reduction of temperature in steam of 

 high elasticity when suddenly expanded. 



KEFRIGERATION BY RAREFACTION OF AIR. 



(Proceedings of the Albany Institute, vol. i, p. 39.) 

 March 2, 1825. 



Joseph Henry read a communication on the production of 

 cold by the rarefaction of air, accompanied with experiments. 



One of these experiments most strikingly illustrated the 

 great reduction of temperature which takes place on the sud- 

 den rarefaction of condensed air. Half a pint of water was 

 poured into a strong copper vessel, of a globular form, and 

 having a capacity of five gallons — a tube of one-fourth of an 

 inch in caliber, with a number of holes near the lower end 



*[The "Transactions of the Albany Institute," vol. i, part i, is dated on 

 page 3, "June, 1828." The title page of the volume bears date "1830." 

 Part ii of same volume is an " Appendix " of 74 (independently numbered) 

 pages, and comprises brief abstracts of proceedings ; here cited as " Pro- 

 ceedings " for conciseness.] 



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