SMITHSONIAN 



mSCELLANEflllS COLLECTIONS. 



VOL. XXXI. 



EVERY MAN IS A VALUABLE MEMBER OF SOCIETY WHO BY III.S OBSERVATIONS, RESEARCHES, 

 AND EXPERIMENTS PROCURES KNOWLEDGE FOR MEN." — SMITHSON. 



WASHINGTON: 

 PUBLISHED BY THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION. 



1888. 



