CAPRIFOLIACEyE. 



Order LXIX. CAPRIFOLIACE^. 



Shrubby, or a few perennial herbaceous plants, with opposite leaves normally 

 destitute of stipules, and regular or (in the corolla) irregular hermaphrodite flow- 

 ers ; calyx-tube adnate to the 2-5-celled or by suppression 1-celled ovary ; sta- 

 mens as many as lobes of the corolla (in Linncea one fewer, in Adoxa doubled) 

 and alternate with them, inserted on its tube or base ; embryo small in the axis 

 of fleshy albumen. Corolla-lobes generally imbricated in the bud. Ovules anatro- 

 pous, when solitary suspended and resupinate ; the rhaphe dorsal. Seed-coat 

 adherent to the albumen. Flowers commonly 5-merous. 



Tribe I. SAMBUCE^E. Corolla regular, short, rotate or open-campanulate, 5-lobed. 

 Style short or hardly any : stigmas 3 to 5. Ovules solitary in the (1 to 5) cells. Fruit 

 baccate-drupaceous ; the seed-like nutlets 1 to 5. Inflorescence terminal and cymose. 



* Herb, with stamens doubled and flowers in a capitate cluster. Anomalous in the order. 



1. ADOXA. Calyx with hemispherical tube adnate to above the middle of the ovary; limb 

 about 3-toothed. Corolla rotate, 4-6-cleft. Stamens a pair below each sinus of the corolla, 

 each with a peltate one-celled anther, and the short subulate filaments approximate or united 

 at base (one stamen divided into two). Ovary 3-5-celled : style short, 3-5-parted. Ovule 

 suspended from the summit of each cell. Fruit greenish, maturing 2 to 5 cartilaginous nut- 

 lets. Cauliue leaves a single pair; radical ones and scales of the rootstock alternate ! 



* * Frutescent to arborescent : inflorescence compound-cymose : flowers articulated with 

 their pedicels : stamens as many as corolla-lobes : anthers 2-celled : calyx .^-toothed. 



2. SAMBUCUS. Leaves pinnately compound. Corolla rotate or nearly so. Ovary 3-5- 

 celled, forming small baccate drupes with as many cartilaginous nutlets. Embryo nearly 

 the length of tiie albumen. 



3. VIBURNUM. Leaves simple, sometimes lobed. Corolla rotate or open-campanulate. 

 Ovary 1-celled and 1-ovuled, becoming a drupe with a single more or less flattened nutlet or 

 stone. Embryo minute. Cymes in some species radiate. 



Tribe II. LONICEREiE. Corolla elongated or at least campanulate, commonly more 

 or less irregular. Style elongated : stigma mostly capitate. Fruit various. Stipules 

 or stipular appendages seldom seen. 



* Herbs, with axillary sessile flowers and drupaceous fruit. 



4. TRIOSTEUM.'^ Calyx-lobes 5. Corolla tubular-campanulate, somewhat unequally 5- 

 lobed ; tube gibbous at base. Stamens 5. Ovary 3- (sometimes 4-5-) celled, with a single 

 suspended ovule in each cell : style slender : stigma 3-lobed. Fruit a fleshy drupe, crowned 

 witli the persistent calyx-lobes : putamen bony, costate, at length separable into 3 (rarely 4 

 or 5, or by abortion 2) thick one-seeded nutlets. 



* * Fruticulose creeping herb, with long-pedunculate geminate flowers and dry one-seeded 

 fruit, but a 3-celled ovary. 



5. LINN^A. Calyx with limb .5-parted into sulmlate-lanceolate lobes, constricted above the 

 globular tul)e, deciduous from the fruit. Corolla campanulate-funnelform, not gibbous, al- 

 most equally 5-lobed. Stamens 4, two long and two shorter, included. Ovary 3-celled; two 

 of the cells containing several abortive ovules ; one with a solitary suspended ovule, forming 

 the single seed in the dry and indehiscent coriaceous 3-celled small fruit. Style exserted : 

 stigma capitate. 



* * * Shrubs, with scaly winter-buds, erect or climbing : fruit 2-many-seeded : style slen- 

 der : stigma capitate, often 2-lobed. 



6. SYMPHORICARPOS. Calyx with a globular tube and 4-5-toothed persistent limb. 

 Corolla regular, not gibbous, from short-campanulate to salverform, 4-5-Jobed. Stamens as 



