Vakrianella. VALERIA^^ACE.E. 45 



* * Indigenous species: corolla white : no corky mass behind fertile cell of the fruit, 

 •t— Fertile cell decidedly larger and broader than the two empty ones, and cross section of the fruit 

 more or less triangular, the empty cells occupying theobtuser angle: tube of the corolla slender, 

 commonly as long as the throat and limb. 



V- chenopodifolia, DC. Stem a foot or two high, with long intcrnodes and few forks : 

 leaves comparatively large (1 to 3 inches long): glomerate small cymes few and sleuder- 

 peduncled: bracts broadly lanceolate, narrowly scarious margined when dry : fruit glabrous 

 or minutely pul)esceut, 2 lines long, ovate-triangular, the cross section tricjuetrous or more or 

 less rounded at the sterile angle, two empty cells about as deep but not as broad as the fertile, 

 sometimes confluent into one when old. — Prodr. iv. 629 ; Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. xix. 82, 

 founded on Fcdla chenopodifolia, Pursh, Fl. ii. 727, from specimen in herb. Sherard. V. tri- 

 quetra, Hoclist. & Steud. ex Shuttlew. in Flora, 1837, 211, t.. 3; Krok, 1. c. 54, t. 2, f. 13. 

 Fedia radiata, Torr. Fl. i. 35, not Michx. F. Fagopyrum, Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 51 ; Gray, 

 Struct. Bot. ed. 5, fig. 881-884; Torr. Fl. N. Y. i. t. 46; Porter, 1. c. fig. 103: name from 

 likeness of fruit to buckwheat. Valerianella Fagopyrum, Walp. Repert. ii. 527. — ]\Ioist 

 grounds, W. New York to Wisconsin, Kentucky, and Virginia. 



V. amarella, Krok. A span or two high, amply corymliosely branched above, bearing 

 numerous and more open cymes: bracts lanceolate-linear, small: fruits very small (about 

 half a line long), trigonous-ovate, densely white-hirsute, with rather obtuse lateral angles 

 and that of the empty cells rounded, these decidedly shorter as well as much smaller than 

 the fertile, almost filiform or sometimes almost obliterated. — Mouogr. 1. c. 55, t. 2, f. 14; 

 Gray, 1. c. Fedia amarella, Lindheimer, ex Engelm. in PI. Lindh. ii. 217. Spec, name from 

 a peculiar bitterness of the herbage. — Low grounds, Texas, Lindheimer, Wright, Hall, liever- 

 chon, &c. Gibbosity at base of corolla-throat sometimes very prominent and saccate, almost 

 spur-like. 



4— H— Fertile cell fully as broad as the two introrse and parallel contiguous and more or less 

 inflated empty ones, occupj'ing the whole back of the fruit, apex projecting in a sliort obtuse 

 tooth of a line long, the cross section quadrate, a conspicuous groove down the anterior face: 

 stem a foot or two high, twice or thrice forked and spreading, the pedunculiform branchlcts 

 bearing one to three glomerate cymes : fruit in same species either pubescent or glabrous. 



V. radiata, Dufr. Fruit ovate-tetragonal, downy-pubescent or sometimes glabrous on one 

 or all sides ; fertile cell oblong-ovate, flattish ; sterile cells as thick as or thicker than the fer- 

 tile, a broad shallow groove between them. — Hist. Valer. 57 ; Krok, 1. c. 64, t. 2, f. 22, not 

 DC., who seems to have had V. olitoria. Valeriana lociista, radiata, L. 1. c. (the plant of Clay- 

 ton) ; Walt. Car. 166. V. radiata, W\\\Cl. Spec. i. 184. Fedia radiata, Michx. Fl. i. 118; 

 Ell. Sk. i. 42 ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 52 ; Porter, 1. c. fig. 164. —Low grounds, Penn. to Michi- 

 gan, Florida, and Texas. Var. leiocarpa is a smooth-fruited form of it. 



V. stenocarpa, Krok. Fruit tetragonal-oblong, commonly glabrous, sometimes pubes- 

 cent ; fertile cell oblong, obscurely narrowed upward, flattish and straight, thicker than 

 the linear-oblong approximate sterile cells, and the groove between the latter narrow. — 

 Monogr. Valer. 1. c. t. 2, f. 1. Fedia stenocarpa, Engelm. PI. Lindh. ii. 216. — Texas, Ber- 

 landier (part of no. 334), Lindheimer, Hall. 



•i— -I— -t— Fertile cell much narrower or smaller than the ampliato empty ones, one-nerved on 

 the back, the fruit of orbicular or round-ovate circumscrijition, glabrous or with slight sparse 

 pubescence. 



V. W^OOdsiana, Walp. Habit of V. radiata and V. chenopodifolia. Fruit a line or more 

 long; fertile cell oblong-ovate or ovate-lanceolate, tipped by a small soft and blunt tooth ; 

 empty cells introrse, either contiguous or somewhat diverging, inflated, with an oblong de- 

 pression in the middle, sometimes an open concavity. — Walp. Report, ii. 527; Krok, 1. c. 

 66, t. 3, f. 23 ; Gray, 1. c. 82. Fedia Woodsiana, Torr. & Gray, 1. c. 52. /'". radiata, var., 

 Porter, 1. c. fig. 105. — Moist grounds. New York and Penn. to Texas. 



Var. Umbilicata, Gray, 1. c. Empty cells ampliatc and in age confluent, vesicular by 

 incurvation of circular margin, forming a deep and rounded or obscurely cruciform umbili- 

 cation. — V. umbilicata, Krok, 1. c. 67, t. 3, f. 25. Fedia umbilicata, SuUiv. in Am. Jour. 

 Sci. xlii., & Gray, Man. ed. 1, 183. F. radiata, var. umbilicata. Porter, 1. c. 387, fig. 108. — 

 New York & I'fnn. to Ohio and southward, first coll. by Sullivant. 



Var. patellaria, Gray, 1. c. Empty cells divergent and obcompressed-dilated, so 

 that the sterile face becomes opeu-concave, ernarginate at top and bottom, and the whole 



