COMPOSIT.E. 57 



tlian one scries, very short ami rouiulish or obtuse style-appendages, small akeiics for the 

 greater part i!-nerved, and more scanty or fragile pappus, in niaiiy with a conspicuous short 

 outer scries. 



Subtribe III. Conyze.e. Cliaracters of the preceding sitbtribe ; but corolla of the 

 numerous female flowers reduced to a filiform or short and narrow tube, wdioUy des- 

 titute of ligule. 



50. CONYZA. Heads small, many-flowered. Bracts of the campaunlate involucre narrow, 

 inappendiculate, in 1 to 3 series. Female flowers much more numerous than the hermaphro- 

 dite ; their iiliform or slender tubular corolla shorter thau the disk and .style, truncate or 

 2-4-toothed at the apex. Akeues small, compressed. Pappus a single series of soft capillary 

 bristles, sometimes an added outer scries of short bristles or squanicUa!. 



Subtribe IV. BACCHARiDEiE. Heads discoid and unisexual. C(jrolla of the fertile flow- 

 ers filiform. Pappus of capillary bristles. 



51. BACCHARIS. Heads completely dioecious, many-flowered. Involucre regularly im- 

 bricated, of squamaceous bracts. Receptacle mostly flat and naked, rarely chaffy. Flowers 

 of the male heads with tubular-funuelforni 5-cleft corolla, and style-branches as of Astn- or 

 SoUdago, but the stigmatic j^ortiou obsolete and ovary abortive ; the female with corolla 

 reduced to a slender truncate or minutely toothed tube, shorter thau the filiform style. 

 Akenes 5-10-costate. I'appus of the male flowers of a .series of scabrous and often tortuous 

 and more or less clavcllate liristles ; of the fertile flowers of usually more numerous and fine 

 bristles, and often elongated in fruit. Shrubby or some herbaceous. 



Tribe IV. Inuloide.e. Heads lieterogamotts and either radiate or discoid ; the 

 female flowers being either ligulate or filiform (rarely open-tubular), or sometimes 

 homogamous and tubullHorous. Anthers sagittate, and the base of the lobes produced 

 into more or less of a tail {caudate) or other appendage. Style-branches of the her- 

 maphrodite flowers filiform or flattish, not appendaged ; the stigmatic lines running to 

 or vanishing near the roundish or truncate tip, which is at most papillose or somewhat 

 penicillate: style of staminate-sterile flowers commonly entire. Pappus usually capil- 

 lary or none. Leaves mostly alternate and heads homochromous ; the involucre com- 

 monly dry or scarious, rarely foliaceous. See also Senecionidece, subtribe Tussilagincce. 

 (No North American species has conspicuous rays, except a naturalized Iiucla.) 



Subtribe I. PLUCHEiNEiE. Heads discoid, heterogamous and mostly androgynous. In- 

 volucre more or less dry, but hardly scarious. Receptacle not paleaceous. Female 

 flowers with filiform corolla. Adjacent anther-tails or acuminate bases connate, at 

 least in our genera. 



52. PLUCHEA. Heads many-flowered, largely of female flowers, a few hermaphrodite but 

 usually sterile ones in the centre. Involucre imbricated, of coriaceous to submembranaceous 

 bracts ; the outer broad, all but the innermost persistent. Receptacle flat, naked and glabrous. 

 Corolla of the female flowers reduced to a slender truncate or 2-3-toothed tube, shorter than 

 the style ; of the hermaphrodite-sterile ones regularly 5-cleft, the style either entire or 2-cleft 

 at apex. Akenes small, 4-,'j-angled or sulcate. Pappus a series of capillar}'- and soft or 

 rigid bristles. Heads cymosely clustered or scattered. 



53. PTEROCAULON. Heads and flowers as in Pluchea, but involucre of fewer and 

 linear or subulate bracts : these deciduous with the matured flowers, leaving a few short 

 basal ones which arc more persistent, mainly by their implexed wool. Receptacle small, 

 naked, sometimes pilose. Heads glomerate and the glomerules spicate. Perennial herbs. 



Subtribe II. Filagine.'E. Heads heterogamous, mostly androgynous, discoid. In- 

 volucre of few scarious or firmer bracts. Receptacle chaffy ; a chaff (palea) or 

 involucral bract enclosing or subtending each female flower or akene. Corolla of the 

 female flowers a filiform tube, shorter than the style ; of the few hermaphrodite com- 

 monly sterile flowers regularly 4-5-toothed ; their anthers sometimes only acutely 

 sagittate or auriculate at base, and the short style-branches or undivided style not 



