112 COMPOSITiE. Liatris. 



= = Leaves all very slender: heads 4 or 5 lines long. 



L. tenuifolia, Nctt. Glabrous or with a few bristles below : stem strict and sleiider, 2 to 

 4 feet high : leaves rigid, atteuuate-liuear aud when dry with revolute margins ; radical and 

 lower cauliue very numerous aud crowded, a foot or less long, a line or two wide ; upper 

 cauline short, becoming acerose or filiform aud reduced to setaceous bracts : heads about 

 5-flowered aud 4 lines long, very numerous iu a strict virgate raceme (of a foot or two in 

 length), which occasionally develops into a panicle: involucre of about 10 oblong bracts, 

 not pvinctate, the inner more or less scarious aud jjui'plish : pappus strongly barbellate. — 

 Gen. ii. 1.31 ; Ell. Sk. ii. 275 ; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. L. loiVKjula, NuLt. Traus. Am. Phil. Soc. 1. c. 

 285, a large form with coarser radical leaves. — Dry pine barrens, N. Carolina to Florida. 

 ++ ++ Involucral bracts or most of them acuminate or niucronate-tipped, 

 = Hirsute with short manj'-jointed hairs. 



L. Garberi, Gkay. A foot or two high, hirsute with many-jointed spreading hairs, or the 

 linear aud rigid strongly punctate leaves glabrate : upper leaves very short, linear-subulate, 

 erect : heads 6-7-flowered, 5 or 6 lines long, crowded in a dense spike : involucre campauu- 

 late ; its bracts (about 10) greenish and very glandular-punctate, villous-hirsute, in age 

 glabrate ; outer ones ovate, iuuer oblong, all obtuse and conspicuously mucrouate-poiuted ; 

 pappus minutely barbellate. — Proc. Am. Acad. xv. 48. — Tampa, Plorida, Garher. 



= == Involucre glabrous or nearly so, narrow, indistinctly glandular-punctate, 3-5-fluwered 

 (bracts variable): pappus more distinctly barbellate toward the base. 



L. Chapmanii, Tore. & Gkay. Tomentulose-puberuleut, glabrate : stem a foot or two 

 high, strict and rigid : leaves short, linear, or the lower oblong-linear aud obtuse ( 1 to 3 

 inches long) and tlie upper small and narrow: heads immerous, mostly 3-flowered, erect in 

 a strict aud dense virgate spike : involucre cylindrical ; its bracts thinuish, lanceolate or the 

 short outer ones oblong, mostly acute and mucronate or short-acumiuate, sometimes poijit- 

 less : flowers large for the size of the head, two thirds of an inch long • pappus half-iuch long. 

 — Fl. ii. 502 ; Chapm. Fl. 191. — Dry sandy ridges, Middle Florida, first coll. by Chapman. 



L. pauciflora, Pursii. Glabrous or minutely puberulent : stem slender, often weak and 

 decliniug : leaves rigid, linear, mostly narrow : heads numerous iu a virgate often secund 

 spiciform raceme (of 6 to 24 inches in lengtli), when secund ou sliort spreading or recurving 

 pedicels : involucre cylindraceous ; its bracts thinuish, oblong, or the short outermost oval 

 aud tlie inner lanceolate, mostly mucronate-acute or acuminate : flowers 5 or 6 and pappus 

 4 or 5 lines long. — Fl. ii. 510 ; Chapm. 1. c. L. secunda, Ell. Sk. ii. 278 ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 

 ii. 71. — Sandy pine woods, S. Carolina to Florida. 



1 6. GARBERI A, Gray. (The late Dr. A. P. Garher, the re-discoverer.) — 

 Froc. Acad. Phihid. Nov. 1879, 379, & Proc. Am. Acad. svi. 79. Liatris 

 § LeptocUnium, Nutt. in Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. n. ser. vii. 285 ; Torr. & Gray, 

 Fl. ii. 7 6. LeptocUnium, Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. xv. 48, not Benth. & Hook. 



G. fruticosa, Gray, 1. c. Shrub 4 to 6 feet high, branching, leafy: branchlets and involu- 

 cre puberulent : leaves with base of a short petiole articulated with the stem, vertical by a 

 twist, glabrous, pale and of the same hue both sides, nearly veinless, obovate, retuse (barely 

 iiKih long) : heads (half-inch long) numerous iu fastigiate uaked terminal cymes: involucre 

 much shorter than the pappus. — Liatris fruticosa, Nutt. in Am. Jour. Sci. v. 299. Lepto- 

 cUnium fruticosum, Gray, 1. c. — S. Florida, Ware, Garher. Found by the latter on dry sand- 

 ridges of the western coast, at Tampa Bay. Lower leaves opposite according to Nuttall. 



17. CARPH:£PH0RUS, Cass. (Kap(^o?, chaff, and <^opd?, bearing.) — 

 Perennials, with no bulbiform stock or tuber ; the rose-purple or white flowers in 

 cymosely disposed heads; all N. American, late-flowering. — Bull. Philom. 1816, 

 & Diet. vii. 148; DC. Prodr. v. lo2 (one species) ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. Go. 



§ 1. Pappus of copious and unequal minutely barbellate bristles, occupying 

 more than one series : flowers purple : stem simple, leafy : even the lowest leaves 

 alternate, cauline ones sessile : Atlantic-States species, herbs. 



