128 COMPOSITE. Aplopappus. 



striate: pappus rigidulous, rufous. — Proc. Am. Acad. vii. 354, & Bot. Calif, i. 312. — Sierra 

 Nevada, California, at 8,500 to 9,000 feet, iu opeu woods, Souora Pass, Bolander, and on 

 bleak summits in Siskiyou Co., Greene, Pringle. Involucre rather of the Encameria section. 



* * * Heads conspicuously radiate, large and showy: rays fertile, very numerous, half-inch to 

 inch long: involucre well imbricated, of numerous oblong to lanceolate firm bracts: akencs 

 (and ovaries) wholly gl djroUs, fiat and rather broad: pappus pale: style-appendages broadish, 

 oblong to lanceolate, shorter or not longer than the stigmatic portion: wliolly herbaceous peren- 

 nials, smooth and glabr.ius, except some soft-villous pubescence or tonieutuui when young: 

 leaves coriaceous, entire. 



-{— Stems equably and verj' leaf_v up to the sessile or subsessile heads. 

 A. Fremonti, <ikay. A foot or less high, from slender lignesceut rootstocks, simple or 

 fastigiately braiiclied above: leaves lanceolate (2 to 4 inches long, 3 to 8 lines wide), ob- 

 scurely 3-5-nerved ; lower narrowed and upper partly clasping at base: involucre (inch or 

 less high) broadly campanulate ; its bracts broadly lanceolate, conspicuously and often 

 cuspidately acuminate : rays lialf-inch long ■ style-appendages ovate-oblong, obtuse ■ akenes 

 obovate, striate-nerved, almost as long as the rigid papjius. — Proc. Acad. Pliilad. 1863, 65 ; 

 Porter & Coulter, Fl. Colorad. 07. Piprocoma Jhliosij, Gvay in Jour. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. 

 V. 109. — Plains and rocky hills, Colorado, commou ou the Arkansas from Pueblo upward; 

 first coll. by Fremont. 



Var. A^ardi. Dwarf: fascicled stems only a span high : leaves proportionally small, 

 linear-lanceolate, destitute of lateral nerves : heads one-half smaller, 2 or 3 iu a terminal 

 glomerule : akenes double the length of the scanty pappus. — Wyoming (probably in south- 

 westeru part), L. F. Ward. 



-t— -i— Stems simple, solitary or several from a thick caudex, above with decreasing or s])arse 

 leaves and solitary or few naked and usually pedunculate heads, at base a tuft of ample lanceo- 

 late- or spatnlate-oblong radical leaves (in the manner of the preceding and succeeding sub- 

 divisions): involucre hemispherical or broader: rays 30 to 50. 



A. croceus, Gray. Stem stout and erect, commonly a foot or two high, and with radical 

 leaves a foot or less long (including the petiole) . cauline leaves ovate-oblong to lanceolate, 

 partly clasping (upper an inch or two long) : head mostly solitary : involucre a full inch in 

 diameter ; its bracts ovate to spatulate-oblong, very obtuse, lax, inner with scarious erose- 

 denticnlate margins : rays saffron-yellow, sometimes inch long : akenes narrowly oblong, 

 nearly the length of the pappus. — Proc. Acad. Philad. 1. c. — Rocky Mountains of Colorado, 

 especially in Middle Park, first coll. by Parry. A dwarf form in N. Arizoua, Rash//. 



A. itltegrifolius, T. C. Porter. Stems several from the caudex, asceuding, a foot or less 

 high : radical leaves 3 to 8 inches (including short petiole or tapering base) ; cauline lanceo- 

 late, or small uppermost linear: heads solitary or 2 or 3 in axils, smaller than in foregoing : 

 involucral bracts narrowly oblong to linear-lanceolate, some loose outer ones usually equalling 

 the disk and more foliaceous: x-ays bright yellow, half-inch long: immature akenes ol)h)ug. 

 — (iray, Proc. Am. Acad. xvi. 79. — Mountain meadows, Wyoming and Montana, Burke (in 

 lierb. Hook.), J. M. Coulter, Watson, Cnnhij. Verges to the larger-flowered form of the next 

 species. 



* * * * Heads conspicuously radiate, smaller: rays fertile, half to barely quarter inch long: 

 akenes turbinate or oblong, silky-pubescent or villous: style-appendages from ovate to subulate, 

 shorter or rarely longer than the stigmatic portion. (Here A. Whitneyi might be sought.) 



-1— Perennial herbs, with mostly simple stems and a 'uft of radical leaves from a thickened 

 somewhat fusiform caudex : leaves coriaceous and when dry rigid, entire or si)inulose-serrate, 

 the cauline diminished upward: heads solitary or rather few, pedunculate: involucre hemi- 

 spherical or broader, of firm and herbaceous-tipped or foliaceous bracts: rays 20 to 50: pappus 

 pale or merely sordid, rather soft and tine: herbage more or less flocculeut-tomentose when 

 young, glabrate in age and smooth. — § Arnkdlu, Torr. & Gray, partly of Benth. & Hook. 



A. uniflorus, Torr. & Gray. Stems a span to barely a foot high, ascending or erect, 

 sonu'times 5-6-leaved, sometimes rather scapiform or upper leaves reduced and bract-like, 

 bearing a solitary head, rarely one or two from lower axils : leaves lanceolate or sometimes 

 broader ; radical 2 or 3 incjies long and usually petioled : involucre commonly half-inch high 

 and the linear or oblong-linear bracts all of same lengtli, rather loose, outer all foliaceous : 

 rays in larger heads 40 or 50. — A. uniflornx & A. innloides, Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 241. Donia 

 uniflora, Hook. Fl. ii. 25, t. 124. Homopappus inuloides, Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. I. c. 333, 



