Bigdovia. COMPOSITE. 135 



bracts linear-lanceolate, attenuate-acute, usuall}' one or two outer ones loose and foliaceous, 

 these sometimes equalling tlie head and resembling uppermost leaves ol the branciilets : rays 

 4 to 8, about .3 lines long : disk-flowers hardly more numerous : young akenes pubescent. — 

 Proc. Am. Acad. xvi. 79. Part of ^4. suff'ratlcosus, Eaton, 1. c, which, indeed, it approaches, 

 but is nearer the preceding. — Mountains of Nevada, Watson, Palmer, aud of E. Utah, M.E. 

 Jones. 



§ 6. Macroxema, Gray. Heads middle-sized or rather large, solitaiy or few, 

 terminating leafy branches : involucre campanulate, of lanceolate or linear bracts 

 in few ranks and of somewhat equal length ; innermost thin-chartaceous or partly 

 scarious ; outer with conspicuous foliaceous tips, or loose and foliaceous, passing 

 into leaves : rays few and conspicuous, or in the typical species wanting : style- 

 appendages long and attenuate-filiform, much exserted : akenes slender, com- 

 pressed, few-nerved, soft-pubescent : pappus soft and slender : low and many- 

 stemmed from a suffrutescent base, not resinous-punctate : stems or branches leafy 

 to the summit, but no axillary fascicles : leaves soft, spatulatc-oblong to broadly 

 linear, sessile, entire, but margins sometimes unchdate. — Proc. Am. Aca(l. 

 vi. o42. xvi. 79. Macronema, Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 1. c. 32'2. 



* Connecting with preceding group; the involucre being somewhat imbricated. 

 A. Greenei, Gray. About a foot high, branching from a decidedly shrubby base, not vis- 

 cidulous, or above very obscurely viscid-puberulent : the typical form otherwise quite gla- 

 brous : leaves spatulate-oblong or somewhat lanceolate (half-inch to barely incli long, 2 or 3 

 lines wide), obtuse or mucrouate: heads solitary or few and crowded, half-inch high: bracts 

 of the involucre in about ." scries, lanceolate to linear, all i)ut the innermost with conspicuous 

 and spreading mostly elongated-subulate foliaceous tips : rays 2 to 7, 3 or 4 lines long : 

 disk-flowers 10 to 16. — Proc. Am. Acad. xvi. 80. — Mountains of N. California, about the 

 heads of the Sacramento, Greene, Primjle. Also mountains of Oregon and Wasiiington Terr., 

 Cuslck. Passes freely into 



Var. mollis, Gray, 1. c. From ciuereous-puberulent to canescent-tomentose, even to 

 the more foliaceous involucre. — A. mollis, Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. xvi. 80. — X. California 

 (the intermediate form), Primjlc. Mountains of Oregon and Washington Territory, Cusick, 

 Brandegee, &c. 



* * Low, a span or two high, vi.^cidly glandular-pnberulent: heads commonly solitary, termi- 

 nating the leafy simple steins or branches: involucre simpler and loose outer bracts more 

 foliaceous, often enlarged: species probably confluent. 



A. SUfEruticosUS, Gray. Destitute of tomentum : stems glandular-pubescent or puberu- 

 lent : heads two-thirds to three-fourtiis inch high : rays 2 to 5 and somewhat exserted, or 

 none: disk-flowers 10 to 30. — Proc. Am. Acad. vi. 542, & Bot. Calif, i. 313. Mar.ronema 

 siijfnitirosa, Nutt. 1. c. — Alpine or sul)alpine region of the Sierra Nevada, California, from 

 Mariposa Co. and Humboldt Mountains, Nevada, northward to Oregon and N. Wyoming ; 

 first coll. by NuttaH 



A. Macronema, Gray, 1. c. Stems stouter, whitened by a dense and close tomentum : 

 head commonly larger (inch long) : rays always wanting. — Macronema (Uscoidea, Nutt. 1. c. 

 — Kocky Mountains in Colorado and Wyoming, and higher mountains in Nevada aud eastern 

 border of California ; first coll. by Nuttall. 



31. BIG-ELOVIA, DC. (Dr. Jacob Bigelow, author of Florula Bostoni- 

 ensis, Medieval P)otany of U. S., &c.) — The original a jierennial lierb, most 

 related to StAidago ; as now extended a large genus (N. American, nuiinly west- 

 ern, with an anomalous Andean representative), mostly of stxffrutescent or more 

 shrubby plants, the genuine species with few-flowered heads of marked habit and 

 character, while others are only artificially and not definitely distinguished from 

 Aplopappus, especially from § Ericaineria, by the total want of ray-flowers. Yet 

 some genuine Aplojmppi are rayless. — DC. Mem. Comp. t. 5, & Prodr. v. 329 



