Solidago. COMPOSITE. 143 



denticulate with spinulose teeth, sometimes incised, some upper or fascicled ones varying 

 toward linear and entire : heads more or less glomerate at the end of the liranchlets, 15-35- 

 flowered, 4 or 5 lines high : bracts of the turbinate or campanulate iuvolucre with obtuse or 

 sometimes acutish or mucronate-acute green tips (these occasionally bearing an indistinct 

 resinous gland) : pappus of rather rigid and very unequal bristles. — B. veneta & B. Menziesii, 

 Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. viii. 638, & Eot. Calif, i. 315. Baccharis veneta, IIBK. Nov. Gen. & 

 Spec. iv. 68. Linosyris Mexicana, Schlecht. Hort. Halens. 7, t. 4. Aplopappus discotdeus, 

 DC. Prodr. v. 350. A. Menziesii, Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 242. Pyrrocoma Menziesii, Hook. & 

 Arn. Bot. Beech. 351. Isocoma vernonioides, Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. vii. 320. (B. tri- 

 denlata, Greene, Bull. Torr. Club, 1. c, Linosyris dentata, Kellogg, Proc. Calif. Acad. ii. 16, is 

 apparently a form of this, from Cedros Island off Lower California.) — Southern part of 

 California (first coll. by Menzies) to borders of Arizona. (Mex.) 

 B. Hartwegi, Gray. Cinereous-pubernlent or glabrate, a foot or two high : leaves from 

 linear to narrowly oblong, pinnatifid ; the lobes 5 to 11, oblong-linear, short (only a line or 

 two long): heads smaller than in the preceding, into which it may pass. — Ilemsl. Biol. 

 Centr.-Am. Bot. ii. 115. — S. Arizona, Palmer (taken iorB. coronopifolia in Proc. Am. Acad, 

 viii. 639), Lemmon. (Mex.) 



32. SOLIDAGO, L. Golden-rod. (Solidus and ciffo, to make solid or 

 draw together, in aJhisioii to reputed vulnerary properties.) — Perennial herbs 

 (one species somewhat shrubby) ; with mostly strict stems, entire or serrate alter- 

 nate leaves, the cauline sessile or nearly so, the radical tapering into margined 

 petioles (never coi'date) ; the small heads thyrsoid-glomerate, or sometimes 

 corymbosely cymose, or more commonly in racemiform secund clusters ; the 

 flowers yellow, or in one species whitish in the disk and white in the ray ; rarely 

 the rays wanting. — Gen. ed. 1, 253 (name from Vaill.) ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 195. 

 — A large genus, of nearly 100 species, mostly Atlantic N. American, but with 

 several Pacific species, a few Mexican or S. American, one or two European and 

 N. Asiatic: fl. late summer and autumn. — For notes on the species in the older 

 herbaria, and a synopsis, see Proc. Am. Acad. xvii. 177-199. 



S. LATERIFLORA, L. Spec. ii. 879, is Astei- diffusus, Ait. 



S. NovEBORACENSis, L. 1. c, is probably Aster Tartaricus, and not North American. 



Species founded on garden plants and not identified with, or obviousl}' referable to, North 

 American originals, are the following : — 



S. AMBIGUA, Ait. Kew. iii. 217, cult. 1759 by Miller, of unknown source, appears to have been 

 some European form of S. Virgaurea, although later plants cultivated under this name may be 

 derivatives of S. latifolia, L. 



S. ELLfpTiCA, Ait. Glabrous and smooth up to the flowering bi-anches, 2 or 3 feet high, 

 equably leafy : leaves of rather firm texture, oval or oblong, acuminate at both ends, the larger 

 3 or 6 inches long, H or 2 wide, more or less serrate with fine acute teeth, somewhat veiny : 

 thyrsus somewhat leafy ; the heads (3 lines long) racemose-paniculate on erect branches, little 

 or not at all secund : bracts of the iuvolucre oblong-lanceolate, acutish or obtuse ; rays 7 to 9 : 

 akencs villous-pubescent. — Kew. iii. 214 ; DC. Prodr. v. 334 ; Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. xvii. 181. 

 S. plantaginea, Desf. Cat. ed. 3, 402. — Cultivated from early times in European gardens, not 

 identified as indigenous. The typical form is here taken to be that of the Banksian herbarium, 

 cult. hort. Kew. 1778. A second original specimen, to which the syn. Mill. Diet, belongs, is 



Var. AXiLLiFLORA, Gray, 1. c. Leaves of somewhat firmer texture, from oval to broadly 

 lanceolate : heads rather larger, in short or somewhat elongated and racemiform erect or 

 spreading clusters, which are mostly axillary and shorter than the leaves. — *§. iatifolia, L., 

 as to Pluk. Aim. 389, t. 235, f. 4. S. lutissimljolia , Mill. Diet. ed. 7. S. lateriflora, Willd. 

 Spec. iii. 2057, &c., not L. nor Ait. S./rar/rans, Willd. Enum. Suppl. 331, a narrower-leaved 

 form. S. verrucosa, Schrad. Hort. Gcctt. 12, t. 6 1 S. Clelia, DC. Prodr. v. 331, & perhaps 

 S. duhia, Scop. Del. Insul). ii. 19, t. 10. — Cultivated from ante-Liunaian times in European 

 collections, not identified in N. America, but doubtless of American origin. 



