188 COMPOSITE. Aster. 



not Alt. 1789, nor of Willd. A. Tradescanti, L. Spec. ii. 876, as to herb. ("H. U.") & Hort. 

 Ups. 262, not Iloi't. Cliff. & syn. Morison (whence the name Tradescanti) ; Ait. Kew. 1. c. 

 204, as to var. Jloribas cwruleis. A. junceus, Ait. 1. c, as to pi. H. Kew. 1777 only. A. dra- 

 cnnculoides, Willd. Spec. iii. 2050, a form nearest to the preceding species, not Lam. A. re- 

 curvafus, Willd. Herb. fol. 1, but liardly of Spec. iii. 2047. A. lanceolatus, Willd. 1. c, & A. 

 hdUdiflorus, Willd. Eniim., are cultivated forms. A. Lumarckianus, Nees, Ast. TOO, at least 

 as to syn. Lam. A. tetmifoUus (Nees in part), and A. simplex, Torr. & Gray, \. c, mainly, 

 and A. carncus, Nees, Syn. 27 & Ast. 96, by the char., belong to this rather than to the next 

 species, as do some indigenous (but not original) specimens named by Nees. A. salicifolius, 

 Scholler, Fl. Barb. Suppl. (1785), 328, — to which belong A. sulignus, Willd. Spec. iii. 240, 

 A. simplex, Willd. Enum. 887, and probably A. strictus, Poir. Suppl. 498, — represents a 

 form of this same species, eitlier very early naturalized in Hungary and Germany, or possi- 

 bly indigenous. ^1. laxus, Willd. Enum. 886, seems to be a similar form. — Low or moi.st 

 ground, New Brunswiclv to Saskatchewan, E. Montana, and Louisiana, abundant in the 

 Northern States, and polymorphous. A small and slender form, in Northern sphaguous 

 bogs, with linear leaves, resembles A. lonrjifolius in habit and foliage. 

 A . salicifolius, (Lam."?) Ait. Resembles the preceding, equally branching : leaves com- 

 monly less elongated, less serrate or entire, of firmer texture, apt to be scabrous, and the 

 fine reticuhitiou of the veinlets manifest : involucre more imbricated ; its bracts firmer, 

 linear, with shorter and more definite green tips, these acute or obtusish : heads (as large as 

 in preceding or broader) disposed to be thyrsoid or racemose-glomerate on the ascending 

 brandies: rays purplish to violet, rarely white. — Lam. Diet. 1. c. 1 (no Lamarckian speci- 

 mens seen); Ait. Kew. iii. 203; Muhl. Cat.; Darlingt. Eh Cest. 467. A. pro alius, Voiv. 

 Suppl. i. 493, merely a change of Aiton's name, not Nees. A. eminens, Willd. Enum. 886, is 

 either this or the preceding. A. rigidultis, Desf. Cat. (1815), 122. A. obliquus, Nees, Ast. 

 76, cult. form. A. onustus? and perhaps A. carneus, Nees, Ast. 122, 96, on cult, forms, but 

 char, and some specimens of latter are of the preceding species. A. stenophijllus, Lindl. in 

 ])C. Prodr. v. 242, narrow-leaved form. A. carneus, in part, & A. Greenei, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 

 ii. 134. — Low grounds, Canada and New England to Saslcatchewan, E. Montana, and Texas : 

 mo.st abundant in the Mississippi valley. The original of Ait. Kew., in the Eauksian lier- 

 barium, is of flowering branches only, with small leaves. 



Var. SUbasper. A rigid and commonly scabrous form, with thyrsoid-contracted and 

 foliose iniioreseeiice : broad heads commonly foliosc-bracteate : bracts of involucre broader 

 and firmer, often obtuse : rays violet. — A.'subasper, Lindl. in Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 97, & DC. 

 Prodr. V. 257. A. carneus, var. subasper, Torr. & Gray, 1. c. — Illinois to Texas. 



Var. cserulescens. A strict and rigid form, with the rather large heads in a more 

 naked iullorcscence, and leaves .all entire : involucral bracts witli narrower acute or acutish 

 tips. — A. caru'escens, DC. Prodr. v. 235. — Pocky banks, E. to W. Texas, Baiandier, Lind- 

 heimer, &c. 



b. Involucre of the small or barely middle-sized heads looser and less imbricated ; but its bracts 

 erect or hardly at all .spreading, narrow and linear, with acute and not at all dilated green tips, 

 or outermost wholly herl)aceoiis, these little shorter or equalling the inner: leaves linear or lan- 

 ceolate, not rigid, not dilated at base, sparingly denticulate or entire. 



A. junceus, Ait. Slender, a foot to a yard high, the smaller plants simple-stemmed and 

 with few heads, smooth and nearly glabrous: leaves linear or nearly so (3 to 5 inches long, 

 2 to 4 lines wide), entire, or lower with rare denticulations : involucre 3 lines high ; its bracts 

 all small, narrowly linear and erect, thinnish, manifestly imltricated in 2 or 3 series, and the 

 outer more or less shorter (thus connecting Avith A. ]iunicidatus of the preceding subdivis- 

 ion) : rays light violet-purple, 4 or 5 lines long. — Hort. Kew. iii. 204, the indigenous speci- 

 men Halifax, llalhfjrcn. A. salicifolius, Ilichards. App. Frankl. Journ. ed. 1, 478, ed. 2, 20, 

 not Ait. A. laxifolius, Lindl. in Hook. Fl. ii. 10, mainly; hardly of Nees, Ast., who had a 

 cult, plant of Leyden Garden, and in herb. Lindl. so named a plant of A. panicidatus? A. 

 laxifJius, var. borealis, & var. la'iijiorus, Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 138. A. cestivus. Gray, Man. 

 mainly. A. borealis, Provancher, Fl. Canad. i. 308. — Wet meadows and cold bogs. Nova 

 Scotia to Ohio, Michigan, Wisconsin, and north to Hudson's Bay, Saskatchewan, and Rocky 

 Mountains, &c. Appears to pass into the next. 



A. longifolius, Lam. A foot to a yard high, glabrous or pubescent, leafy : leaves elon- 

 gated-lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, entire or sparingly serrulate, 3 to 7 inches long, taper- 



