Gnaphalium. COMPOSITE. , 235 



oblong, obtuse. (Slender forms resemble G. lutao-aUmm of the Old World, which has duller 

 or sordid heads and scabrouspubeseeiit akeues. A slender form in New Mexico, &c., 

 nearly approaches the Mexican G. (jrucile, HBK., whicli has yellowish involucre.) — Bot. 

 Beech. 150; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 427; Gray, Bot. Calif, i. 341. C. Chilcnse, Spreng. 8yst. 

 iii. 480, ex Less, in Linn. vi. 525, but not Chilian. G. luteo-alhuvi, Hook. Fl. ; Nutt. Trans. 

 Am. Phil. 8oc. 1. c. (var. occidentale), &c. — Moist or dry ground, from N. Oregon to S. Cali- 

 fornia, and eastward to W. Texas. (Mex.) 



-)— 4— -1— Leaves obviously adnate-decurreiit, the upper face at least becoming naked and green 

 in age and with the .stem glandular-pubescent or glandidar-viscid: herbage strongly baksaniic- 

 scented. 



++ Root apparently annual or biennial. 



G. decurrens, Ives. Stem .stout, 2 or 3 feet high, corymboscly branched at summit, and 

 bearing crowded cymosely disposed glomerules of broad heads : leaves very numerous, lan- 

 ceolate or tlie upper linear, winte-woolly beneath or rarely glabrate : involucre broadly cam- 

 panulate, white, usually becoming rusty-tinged ; the thin-scarious bracts ovate and oblong, 

 acutisli, only the innermost linear-lanceolate and acute. — Am. Jour. Sci. i. 380, t. 1 ; Torr. 

 Compend. 2'88; Hook. Fl. i. 328; DC. Prodr. vi. 236; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. ; Gray, Bot. Calif. 

 i. 34G. — Ratlier open and dry ground. New England to Pennsylvania, Upper Michigan, 

 Colorado, also Texas, New Mexico, and to Brit. Columbia and Washington Terr. 



Var. Californicum, Gray, 1. c. Bracts of tlie involucre more pearly white : leaves 

 usually sliorter. — G. Calijbmicum, DC. 1. c. ; Torr. & Gray, 1. c, excl. var. — Throughout 

 the western part of California, and to San Bernardino Co. Foliage sometimes wliolly 

 green. 



G. ramosissimuna, Nutt. Greener than G. decurrens, soon glabrate, and more glandu- 

 lar-viscid ; stem 2 to 6 feet high, pauiculately and fastigiately much branched above : leaves 

 smaller, linear: heads amply and rather loosely paniculate, small (commonly 2 lines long), 

 comparatively few-flowered ; involucre turbinate ; its bracts fewer, narrower, wliite or 

 tinged with rose. —PI. Gamb. 172; Gray in Wilkes Exped. xvii. 363, & Bot. Calif. 342. 

 G. Sprengelii, var. erxihcsccns, Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 1. c, a form with rosy bracts. 

 G. Californicum, var., Torr. & Gray, 1. c. — Thickets, &c., W. California, from tlie Sacra- 

 mento to Los Angeles ; first coll. by Nuttall. 



■H- ++ Root lignescent-perennial. 

 G. leuCOCephalum, Gray. Very Avhite with close wool, except the upper face of the 

 leaves : stems a foot or two high, strict, mostly simple, very leafy : cauline leaves all nar- 

 rowly linear, small (not over 2 inches long, a line or two wide), attenuate-acute, commonly 

 erect, hardly broader at the short-decurrent base, viscid-glandular above : heads in a ratlier 

 close cyme : involucre broadly campanulate, much imbricated, pure pearly wliite ; the 

 bracts tliin-papery, ovate and oblong, obtuse. — PI. Wright, ii. 99. — Dry water-courses, 

 western borders of Texas to Arizona and S. California, Wright, Thurber, Parish, &c. 



* * Involucre less imbricated, more involved in wool, tlie scarious tips of the nearly equal bracts 

 comparatively inconspicuous and dull-colored: beads glomerate and leafv-bractoate, only a line 

 or so in length: low and branching annuals, a few inches or rarely a foot high: akeues in the 

 same species either smooth or scabrous. Species perhaps confluent. 



G. palustre, Nutt. Loosely floccose with long wool, erect, at length diffuse or weak , 

 leaves (3 to 5 lines wide) s])atulate or the uppermost oblong or lanceolate : tips of the linear 

 involucral bracts white, obtuse. — Gray, Bot. Calif, i. 342. G. p(dustre & G. gossi/pinum, 

 Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 1. c. ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 427, 428. — Common in all moist 

 grounds, from Washington Terr, to S. California, east to Wyoming and New Mexico. 



G. uliginosum, L. (Cudwekd.) Appressed-wooUy, soon diffusely branched: leaves 

 spatulate-lincar or the lower spatulate-oblanceolate : involucral bracts brownish to the tip or 

 soon becoming so, acutisli or obtuse, the outermost oblong. — Fl. Dan. 859; Engl. Bot. 

 1194; DC. Prodr. vi. 230. — Low or wet ground, a common -weed, from Newfoundland to 

 Virginia and west to the Mississippi ; seemingly introduced from Eu. Also in Oregon and 

 Brit. Columbia, where the preceding appears to pass into this. (Eu., N. Asia.) 



G. strictum, Gray. Appressed-woolly: stem strict and simple, a span to a foot high, 

 sometimes branching or with ascending stems from the ba.se : leaves all linear, seldom a line 

 wide : heads in spicately disposed glomerules in the axils or on short lateral branches : invo- 



