Franseria. COMPOSIT.E. 251 



ing involucre armed with flat and thin lanceolate-suhnlate smooth and glabrous long and 

 straight spines, seemingly always 1-flowered. — Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 294. /'. Hookerlcma & 

 montana, Nutt. 1. c. Hemixanthidiam, Deljiino, 1. c. GO. Ambrosia acanthicarpa, Hook. Fl. 

 i. 309. — Plains and along streams, Saskatcliewan tu Washington Terr., California, Arizona, 

 and W. Texas. 



F. bipinnatifida, Nutt. I'rocumhent, with stems 2 or 3 feet long from a perennial root, 

 soniewluit liirsute : leaves of ovate circumscription (an inch or two long), 2-3-jiinnatclv 

 parted into oblong-linear divisions and small oblong lobes, canesccnt with soft tomentum or 

 fine hirsute-sericeous pubescence : sterile spike or raceme dense, of rather large heads : 

 fruiting involucre ovate-fusiform, armed with rather short and tliick but flattish tubercule- 

 like spines, their acute tips sometimes incurving. — Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. vii. 507 ; Torr. & 

 Gray, 1. c. F. Lessmrjii, Walp. Eel. Meyen. 268. — Sands of the sea-coast, Washington Terr. 

 to S. California. 



F. Cliamissonis, Less. Leaves cuneate-oljovate or ol>long-ovate witli a cnneate base, 

 3-5-nerved at base, obtusely serrate, the lower often laciniate-incised ; otherwise as the pre- 

 ceding, or the 2-flowered fruiting involucre rather thicker, the spines broader and more cana- 

 liculate. — Torr. & Gray, 1. c. (with var. cuneifolia) ; Gray, Bot. Cal. i. 345. F. C/iamisftonis, 

 var. malva'folia. Less, in Linn. vi. 507 ; DC. 1. c. F. cimcifolia, Nutt. 1. c. — Sandy sea- 

 beaches, Brit. Columbia to California. 



F. discolor, Nutt. 1. c. A foot or less high, erect from perennial slender creeping root- 

 stocks : leaves canesceutly tomentose l)eneath, green and glabrate above, interruptcdlv 

 bipinnatifid, oblong in outline, comparatively large (the lowest often 6 inches long) ; the 

 lobes usually short and broad : sterile racemes commonly solitary : fruiting involucre ovoid, 

 2-flowered, canescent, armed with rather short conical-subulate very acute and straight spines. 

 — Torr. & Gray, 1. c. From station and char, probably Ambrosia tomentosa, Nutt. Gen. ii. 

 186. Xanthidium discolor, Delpino, 1. c. — Plains, &c., Nebraska to Wyoming, Colorado, and 

 New Mexico. 



P. tomentosa, Gray. A foot high, rather stout, erect from an apparently perennial base 

 or rootstock, canescent with a dense sericeous tomentum : leaves very white beneath, cine- 

 reous above, pinnately 3-5-cleft or parted ; the terminal division large, oblong or broadly lan- 

 ceolate, serrate ; upper lateral similar but smaller ; lowest commonlj' very small and entire : 

 fruiting involucre 3 lines long, turgid-ovoid, 2-flowered, nearly glabrous ; the short spines 

 conical-subulate, very acute, and tlie very tip usually uncinate-incurved. — PI. Fendl. 80, & 

 Pacif. R. IJep. iv. 102. — Along streams or river-beds, Kansas and E. Colorado, Fendler, 

 Bigelow, Hall. 



* * * Shrubby, low (1 to 3 feet high), much branched, canescent with a fine and close white 

 tomentum, whieh is .sometimes partly deciduous with age: sterile heads and fertile gloinerules 

 not rarely intermixed in short racemes or clusters. 



•i— Fruiting involucre mostly 2-flowered, smooth and glabrous, or barely puberulent; its spines 

 flattened and dilated at base, mostly straight-pointed. 



F. dumosa. Gray. Divergently much branched, very canescent : leaves small, 1-3-pinnately 

 parted into oblong or roundish (1 or 2 lines long) obtuse lobes: fertile involucre globular; 

 its spines long, tapering from a broadish flat base to a slender aristiiorm point. — Frem. 2d 

 Eep. 316, Bot. Mex. Bound. 86, & Bot. Calif, i. 345. F. albicaulis, Torr. 11. Frem. 16.— 

 Arid region, from S. E. California to S. Utah and S. Arizona; first coll. by Coulter. 



F. deltoidea, Torr. Somewhat less woody, and less densely canescent-tomeiitulose : 

 branches erect or spreading . leaves all undivided, from i-homboid-ovate or oblong to deltoid 

 or obscurely hastate, minutely and often doubly crenate-serrate, an inch or less long, rather 

 slender-petioled : fruiting involucre of the preceding, but the spines shorter and broader, 

 flatter, lanceolate-subulate. — PI. Frem. 15; Bot. Mex. Bound. 87; Bot. Calif. I.e. — Xan- 

 thidium rhomhoj)hijllum, Delpino, 1. c. ? — Arid regions of Arizona, and perhajis adjacent part 

 of California, Fremont, Parrij, Schott, Palmer, &c. (Can hardly be F. chevopodiifolia, Bcnth., 

 of Lower California.) 



H— -(— Fruiting involucre only one-flowered, villous-lanate ! 

 F. eriocentra, Gray. Iligidly much branched, canescent with very minute tomentum : 

 leaves soon green and glabrate above, cuneate-oblong to lanceolate, from sinuatcly fcw-toothcd 

 or lobed to sparingly and irregularly laciniatc-pinnatifid, nearly sessile by attenuate base : 



