260 COMPOSITiE. Rudheckia. 



R. subtomentosa) & C. aristata, Don in Sweet, Brit. Fl. Gard. ser. 2, under t. 87. — Dry or 

 moist ground, Penn. and Michigan to Illinois, and south to Georgia and Louisiana, but 

 mostly affecting tlie mountains. 



Var. rupestris. Large ; cauline leaves often 4 or 5 inches long : rays 9 to 13, an inch 

 to inch and a half long, pure orange-yellow to the base : in habit approaching R. subtomentosa. 



R, rupestris, Chickeriug in Eot. Gazette, vi. 188. — Hocjcy slopes of the Roan and other 



mountains on the borders of N. Carolina and Tenn., Chickering, &c. 



Var. pinnatiloba, Torr. & Gray, 1. c. A peculiar form, slender : leaves small ; many 

 of the radical and lowest cauline pinnately .5-7-parted; upper ones seldom inch long: heads 

 small, with rays at most half-inch and disk a quarter-inch long. — W. Florida, Chapman. 



^^ ^_ H— Leaves from lanceolate to ovate or broader: chaffy bracts of the receptacle pointless 

 (obtuse or rarelv acute), linear, concave or carinate-canaliculate, somewhat sliorter than the disk- 

 flowers : akenes nearly equably quadrangular, or in a few species moderately compressed : invo- 

 lucre foliaceous and variable, soon reflexed: disk very obtuse. 

 •H- Cauline leaves or some of them -3-cleft or parted: disk of the head dull brownish: rays yellow, 

 sometimes with dark base: root perennial: receptacle anisate-scented. 

 R. subtomentosa, Pdrsii. Cinereous with short and mostly soft pubescence, 2 to 5 feet 

 high, branching above, leafy ; leaves nearly all petioled, acutely serrate, veiny, ovate, or the 

 terminal lobe ovate and tlie lateral oblong or lanceolate : peduncles not much elongated : 

 rays numerous, becoming inch and a half long : disk hemispherical, becoming higher, half- 

 inch broad ; its bracts cinereous-puberulent and somewhat glandular at the obtuse tips : 

 pappus a short creuately toothed crown. — Fl. ii. ST.t ; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. R. triloba, var., 

 Michx. Fl. ii. 144. R. odorata, Nutt. Jour. Acad. Philad. vii. 78. R. tomentosa. Ell. Sk. ii. 

 45.3, as to syn. & char. Centrocarpha triloba, Don in Sweet, 1. c, as to syn. and part of the 

 char. — Prairies and open moist grounds, Illinois to Arkansas and Texas. 



++ -i-t- Leaves undivided (rarely laciniate-dentate): stems more simple. 

 = Style-tips slender-subulate: bracts of the receptacle hispid or hirsute at and near the acutish 

 sunmiit: akenes small, equably quadrangular, wholly destitute of pappus: annuals or biennials, 

 hispid with spreading bristly hairs. 



R. bicolor, Nutt. A foot or two high from an annual root, simple or branching, slender 

 or not very stout : leaves from lanceolate to oblong or the lower obovate, mostly obtuse and 

 nearly entire, an inch or two long, indistinctly triplinerved, nearly all sessile : peduncles 

 rarely elongated : rays half-inch to barely inch long, either pure yellow, or with brown 

 purple spots at base, or the lower half deep blackish-purple : disk black. — Jour. Acad. Philad. 

 vii. 81 ; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. — Pine woods or sandy soil, Arkansas, Texas, and sparingly E. to 

 Georgia. Often confounded with small forms of the next, and with R. fuhjida. (Adj. Mex.) 



R. hirta, L. Stouter and larger, 1 to 3 feet higli from a biennial or sometimes annual root, 

 rough-liispid and hirsute : leaves from oblong to lanceolate, sparingly serrate or nearly 

 entire, slightly triplinerved, 2 to 5 inches long, the lower narrowed into margined petioles : 

 rays when well developed an inch or two long, golden yellow, sometimes deeper colored 

 toward the base : disk at first nearly black, in age dull brown, becoming ovoid in fruit. — 

 Spec. ii. 907 (Dill. Elth. t. 218); Michx. Fl. ii. 143, mainly; Sweet, Brit. Fl. Gard. t. 82; 

 Torr. & Gray, L c, chiefly. R. gracilis (Herb. Banks.'?), Nutt. Gen. ii. 178 ? a depauperate 

 form. R. discolor, Ell.? not Pursh. R. serotina, Nutt. Jour. Acad. Philad. vii. 80, at least 

 the cult, plant described, fide herb. Acad. Philad. R. st7-igosa, Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 

 vii. 354, a hairy and short-r:iyed form. — Dry and open ground, Saskatchewan and W. Can- 

 ada to Florida, Texas, and Colorado : naturalized in grass-fields in Eastern States : flowering 

 early as a biennial. 



= = Style-tips short and thickened, obtuse (in Ii. mollis narrower and sometimes acutish): pap- 

 pus more or less manifest: perennials. 



a. Chaffy bracts of the receptacle obtuse and glabrous or nearly so, with blackish-purple tips of the 

 same hue as the corollas, so that the hemispherical at length globose-ovoid disk is deep black- 

 purple : rays golden yellow, not rarely orange toward the base: akenes small, equably quad- 

 rangular: pappus a very short commonly 4-toothed crown. 

 R. fulgida, Ait. Hispid or hirsute, a foot or two high : leaves from narrowly to oblong- 

 lanceolate, mostly entire, lowest and radical spatulate-lanceohite and tapering into slender 

 petioles : foliaceous bracts of the involucre often ample and equalling or sometimes half the 



