Helianthus. COMPOSITE. 275 



diffusus. H. scaberrimns, Ell. Sk. ii. 423. H. Missouriensis (Scliweinitz) & H. crassifolius, 

 Nutt. Trans. Am. Pliil. Soc. 1. c. Ilarpalium ritjidum, Cass. Diet. Sci. Nat. xx. 200 ; DC. 

 Prodr. V. 583, founded on the form witli intermediate palete to the pappus. Plains and 

 prairies, Saskatchewan and Michij^au to W. Georgia, Texas, and eastern j)art of Colorado. 

 Sometimes the disk-corollas are at first yellow ! 



++ ++ Disk yellow. (Here the Californian //. (jraciltntus would be sought.) 



H. laetiflorus, Pers. Pesembles tall forms of the preceding, similarly scabrous or liispid, 

 leafy: leaves commonly thinner, mostly oval-lanceolate, acuminate at hotli ends, 4 to 10 

 inches long, more or less serrate : heads usually several and rather short-peduucled : disk 

 half-inch higli : bracts of the involucre imbricated in only 2 or 3 series, from ovate- to 

 oblong-lanceolate, acuminate or attenuate-acute, hirsutely ciliate or ciliolate, occasionally a 

 little iiirsute on the back: rays numerous, the larger inch and a half long. — Syn. ii. 470; 

 DC. I'rodr. v. 586, excl. syn. Ell. ; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. 11. atrurubeus, Lam. Diet. iii. 80, not 

 L. — Prairies and barrens, Indiana, Illinois, Wisconsin. 



Var. tricuspis, Tokk. & Gray, 1. c. Leaves less serrate : chaff of receptacle more 

 commonly 3-toothed. — 11. tricuspis, Y,]! Sk. ii. 422. W. Georgia, ex A7//o^<. Needs confir- 

 mation. 



H. pumilus, Nlttt. Hispid and scalirous throughout: stems simple, a foot or two higli, 

 bearing 5 to 7 pairs of leaves and a few rather short-peduncled heads : leaves mostly ovate- 

 lauceohite, acute, entire or nearly so (H to 4 inches long), rigid, abruptly contracted at base 

 into a short margined petiole: involucre less than half-inch Iiigh, wliite-hirsute or scabro- 

 hispidulous ; its bracts imbricated in about 3 series, oblong-lanceolate, acutish : rays about 

 inch long. — Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. vii. 360; Gray in Am. Jour. Sci. ser. 2, xxxiii. 239. — 

 Eastern Eocky Mountains and adjacent plains of tlie Platte, &c., from Wyoming to Colorado, 

 Ntittall, lldi/den, Gei/er, Parrij, Hall & Harbour, &c. 



H. OCCidentalis, Riddell. Stem slender, 2 or 3 feet higli, sometimes smooth and gla- 

 brous, usually leafy only at and near the base : radical and lowest cauline leaves ovate to 

 lanceolate-oblong, entire or denticulate, contracted at base into long margined petioles, 

 minutely hirsute or his])idulous, moderately scabrous ; upper cauline a few remote pairs, sub- 

 sessile, lanceolate, and bract-like, of an inch or half-inch in length : heads few or sometimes 

 solitary, small : bracts of the involucre ovate to lanceolate, acute or acuminate, glabrous, or 

 tlie margins sometimes ciliate, sometimes naked : rays half-inch to nearly inch long : akenes 

 when young and at summit pubescent. — Suppl. Cat. Ohio PI. (1830), 13; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 

 ii. 323. //. hetero/ihijllns, Sliort, Cat. Kentucky PI. Suppl. 3 ; Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 98, 

 partly, not Nutt. — Prairies and oak barrens, in dry ground, Michigan to Kentucky and 

 Missouri. 



Var. plantagineus, Tore. & Gray, 1. c. Minutely pubcrulent and slightly or ncjt 

 at all scabrous : leaves rather more rigid : involucre obscurely ciliolate or naked. — Te.xas, 

 iJnniuiiond, Lindhi iinrr, Wrii/ht. (Adj. Me.x.) 



Var. Do"Wellianus, Torr. & Gray. Like tlie preceding, but leafy to the middle or 

 higher, the leaves larger and mostly ovate, and stem sometimes branching. — Fl. ii. 504. 

 11. Dou-clliaiius, Ckirtis in Am. Jour. Sci. xliv. 82. — Mountain region in the southwestern 

 part of North Carolina, Curtis, Buckley, &c. 



* * * Involucre looser and the bracts disposed to be more taper-pointed, or elongated, or hdi- 

 accous (closer and shorter in some species) : disk except for the dark aiitlier.s yellow or 

 yellowish. 



•i— Canescent or ciuoreous, at least the foliage, with soft and fine appressed (but not tonientose) 

 pubescence: leaves all opposite, sessile, merely serrul.Uo : heads middle-sized: bracts of the in- 

 volucre imbricated; their attenuate tips seldom or liltk- surjiassiiig the disk: Atlantic species. 



H. cinereus, Tour. & Gray. A foot or two higli, barely cinereous throughout with 

 minute iuid slightly scabrous appressed pubescence: stem simple, somewhat equably leafy, 

 bearing one or two slender-pedunculate small heads : leaves coriaceous, lanceolate-oblong, 

 acute ; lower (3 iuclies long) contracted into a r.ather long narrowed base ; uj)permost (about 

 inch long) ovate-lanceolate with a broad .sessile base: involucre half-inch high; its bracts 

 . lanceolate-subulate, canescent: rays 10 or 12, two-thirds inch long. — Fl. ii. 324, excl. var. 

 — Te.xas, Drammoiid. Heads little larger than those of //. occidcnialis, of which it may be a 

 hybridized offspring. 



